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1. 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
2. Alavert
3. Claritin
4. Clarium
5. Sch 29851
6. Sch-29851
7. Sch29851
1. 79794-75-5
2. Claritin
3. Alavert
4. Loratidine
5. Clarityn
6. Lisino
7. Clarityne
8. Loracert
9. Loradex
10. Bonalerg
11. Claritine
12. Fristamin
13. Histaloran
14. Lertamine
15. Lorastine
16. Sch 29851
17. Civeran
18. Loranox
19. Versal
20. Anhissen
21. Sch-29851
22. Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)piperidine-1-carboxylate
23. Mfcd00672869
24. Loratyne
25. Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylate
26. Allertidin
27. Claratyne
28. Polaratyne
29. Restamine
30. Aerotina
31. Alerpriv
32. Biloina
33. Lesidas
34. Loradif
35. Lorantis
36. Loraver
37. Lorfast
38. Loritine
39. Lowadina
40. Nularef
41. Optimin
42. Sanelor
43. Sensibit
44. Sohotin
45. Velodan
46. 7ajo3bo7qn
47. Lergy
48. Pylor
49. Tadine
50. Chembl998
51. Zeos
52. Nsc-758628
53. Sinhistan Dy
54. Bedix Loratadina
55. Talorat Dy
56. Claritin Reditabs
57. Clarinase Reperabs
58. Mls000069647
59. 1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid, 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridin-11-ylidene)-, Ethyl Ester
60. Ethyl 4-{13-chloro-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0^{3,8}]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaen-2-ylidene}piperidine-1-carboxylate
61. Loratadinum [latin]
62. Claritin Reditab
63. Loratadina [spanish]
64. Clarityne-d
65. Bay76-2211
66. 1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid, 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-, Ethyl Ester
67. 1398065-63-8
68. Ethyl 4-(13-chloro-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaen-2-ylidene)piperidine-1-carboxylate
69. Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydrobenzo[1,2]cyclohepta[2,4-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)piperidine-1-carboxylate
70. Children's Claritin
71. Ncgc00015619-09
72. Loratadinum
73. Loratadina
74. Smr000058255
75. Clarityne Dy Repetabs
76. Dsstox_cid_3224
77. Dsstox_rid_76931
78. Dsstox_gsid_23224
79. Loratadine Redidose
80. Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylate
81. Claritin Hives Relief
82. Bactimicina Allergy
83. Claritin (tn)
84. Claritin Hives Relief Reditab
85. Cas-79794-75-5
86. Hsdb 3578
87. Sr-01000075968
88. Unii-7ajo3bo7qn
89. Cronopen
90. Flonidan
91. Klaritin
92. Loratadine-form1
93. Topcare Childrens Allergy Relief
94. Loratadinei-p25
95. Loratadine,(s)
96. Loratadine [usan:usp:inn:ban]
97. Loratadine- Bio-x
98. Loratadine-form2-he
99. Spectrum_001496
100. Tocris-1944
101. Loratadine [mi]
102. Loratadine [inn]
103. Loratadine [jan]
104. Loratadinei-0deg(l13)
105. Opera_id_1868
106. Spectrum2_001584
107. Spectrum3_000740
108. Spectrum4_000177
109. Spectrum5_001650
110. Lopac-l-9664
111. Loratadine [hsdb]
112. Loratadine [usan]
113. Loratadine-d5(ethyl-d5)
114. Loratadinei-p80(l13)
115. Loratadine [vandf]
116. L 9664
117. Loratadine [mart.]
118. Loratadinei-m100(l13)
119. Loratadinei-m173(l13)
120. Schembl4596
121. Loratadine [usp-rs]
122. Loratadine [who-dd]
123. Lopac0_000680
124. Oprea1_027965
125. Regid_for_cid_3957
126. Bspbio_002300
127. Kbiogr_000693
128. Kbioss_001976
129. Loratadine (jan/usp/inn)
130. Mls000758260
131. Mls001148466
132. Mls001423984
133. Bidd:gt0198
134. Divk1c_000792
135. Spectrum1503712
136. Spbio_001548
137. Chebi:6538
138. Gtpl7216
139. Dtxsid2023224
140. Loratadine [ep Impurity]
141. Loratadine [orange Book]
142. Bdbm22876
143. Hms502h14
144. Kbio1_000792
145. Kbio2_001976
146. Kbio2_004544
147. Kbio2_007112
148. Kbio3_001520
149. Loratadine [ep Monograph]
150. Ninds_000792
151. Hms2051g11
152. Hms2090o18
153. Hms2093i15
154. Hms2235g23
155. Hms3262g21
156. Hms3268m16
157. Hms3371d13
158. Hms3393g11
159. Hms3412n06
160. Hms3654l17
161. Hms3676n06
162. Hms3714e09
163. Loratadine [usp Monograph]
164. Pharmakon1600-01503712
165. Zinc537931
166. Loratadine 0.1 Mg/ml In Methanol
167. Act04775
168. Amy15355
169. Bcp22338
170. Tox21_110185
171. Tox21_301532
172. Tox21_500680
173. Bbl010757
174. Ccg-39362
175. Dl-436
176. Nsc721075
177. Nsc758628
178. S1358
179. Stk574925
180. Akos005499513
181. Claritin-d Component Loratadine
182. Loratadine (desloratadine Impurity E)
183. Loratadine, >=98% (hplc), Powder
184. Tox21_110185_1
185. Ab06849
186. Ac-2086
187. Bcp9000858
188. Ccg-100786
189. Cs-0887
190. Db00455
191. Ks-1079
192. Lp00680
193. Nc00036
194. Nsc 721075
195. Nsc 758628
196. Nsc-721075
197. Sdccgsbi-0050659.p004
198. Idi1_000792
199. Ncgc00015619-01
200. Ncgc00015619-02
201. Ncgc00015619-03
202. Ncgc00015619-04
203. Ncgc00015619-05
204. Ncgc00015619-06
205. Ncgc00015619-07
206. Ncgc00015619-08
207. Ncgc00015619-10
208. Ncgc00015619-11
209. Ncgc00015619-12
210. Ncgc00015619-13
211. Ncgc00015619-26
212. Ncgc00023125-02
213. Ncgc00023125-04
214. Ncgc00023125-05
215. Ncgc00023125-06
216. Ncgc00023125-07
217. Ncgc00255171-01
218. Ncgc00261365-01
219. 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cycloheptal[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene-1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
220. Bl164637
221. Hy-17043
222. Loratadine Component Of Claritin-d
223. Nci60_041473
224. Sy052751
225. Bcp0726000007
226. Sbi-0050659.p003
227. Eu-0100680
228. Ft-0627976
229. L0223
230. Sw197416-3
231. D00364
232. Ab00053224-15
233. Ab00053224-16
234. Ab00053224_17
235. Ab00053224_18
236. 794l755
237. L000667
238. Q424049
239. Q-100833
240. Sr-01000075968-1
241. Sr-01000075968-3
242. Sr-01000075968-4
243. Sr-01000075968-6
244. Brd-k82795137-001-02-3
245. Brd-k82795137-001-10-6
246. Z1741979837
247. Loratadine, British Pharmacopoeia (bp) Reference Standard
248. Loratadine, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard
249. Loratadine, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard
250. Loratadine, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
251. Loratadine For System Suitability, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard
252. 1-piperidenecarboxylic Acid,6-duhydro-11h-benzo [5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]-pyridin-11-ylidene)-, Ethyl Ester
253. 1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid,4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-, Ethyl Ester
254. 11-[n-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidylidene]-8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo-[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
255. 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
256. 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-piperidine-1-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
257. 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydrobenzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)piperidine-1-carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
258. 8-chloro-11-(1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-piperidylidene)-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
259. 8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-(1- Ethoxycarbonyl-4-piperidylidene)-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
260. 8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-(1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-piperidylidene)-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
261. Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidine)-1-piperidinecarboxylate
262. Loratadine Impurity C;4-(4,8-dichloro-5,6-dihydro-11h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester
| Molecular Weight | 382.9 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C22H23ClN2O2 |
| XLogP3 | 5.2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 3 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Exact Mass | 382.1448057 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 382.1448057 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 42.4 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 27 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 569 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| 1 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Alavert |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Pfizer |
| 2 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Children's claritin |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, chewable |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 3 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antihistamine, Less-Sedating/Decongestant Combination, Antihistamine/Decongestant Combination |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet; Syrup; Capsule |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 1mg/ml; 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 4 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin hives relief |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antihistamine, Less-Sedating/Decongestant Combination, Antihistamine/Decongestant Combination |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 5 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin hives relief reditab |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 6 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin reditabs |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg; 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 7 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin-d |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, extended release |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg; 120mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 8 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Loratadine |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet; Syrup; Suspension; Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | oral; Oral |
| Strength | 1mg/ml; 10mg; 5mg/5ml |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Ranbaxy; Wockhardt; Silarx; Actavis Labs Fl; Teva; Apotex; Taro; Sandoz; Pfizer; Perrigo; Mylan; Impax Labs |
| 9 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Loratadine redidose |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Ranbaxy |
| 10 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Alavert |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Pfizer |
| 11 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Children's claritin |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, chewable |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 12 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antihistamine, Less-Sedating/Decongestant Combination, Antihistamine/Decongestant Combination |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet; Syrup; Capsule |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 1mg/ml; 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 13 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin hives relief |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antihistamine, Less-Sedating/Decongestant Combination, Antihistamine/Decongestant Combination |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 14 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin hives relief reditab |
| PubMed Health | Loratadine (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Respiratory Agent |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 15 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin reditabs |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg; 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 16 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Claritin-d |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine; pseudoephedrine sulfate |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, extended release |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 5mg; 120mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Schering Plough |
| 17 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Loratadine |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet; Syrup; Suspension; Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | oral; Oral |
| Strength | 1mg/ml; 10mg; 5mg/5ml |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Ranbaxy; Wockhardt; Silarx; Actavis Labs Fl; Teva; Apotex; Taro; Sandoz; Pfizer; Perrigo; Mylan; Impax Labs |
| 18 of 18 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Loratadine redidose |
| Active Ingredient | Loratadine |
| Dosage Form | Tablet, orally disintegrating |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 10mg |
| Market Status | Over the Counter |
| Company | Ranbaxy |
Anti-Allergic Agents; Antipruritics; Histamine H1 Antagonists
National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)
Antihistamines are indicated in the prophylactic and symptomatic treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods. /Antihistamines; Included in US product labeling/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 324
Antihistamines are indicated for the symptomatic treatment of pruritus associated with allergic reactions and of mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema, in dermatographism, and in urticaria associated with transfusions. /Antihistamines; Included in US product labeling/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 324
Antihistamines are also use in the treatment of pruritus associated with pityriasis rosea. /Antihistamines; NOT included in US or Canadian product labeling/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 324
For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for LORATADINE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Small amounts of antihistamines are distributed into breast milk; use is not recommended in nursing mothers because of the risk of adverse effects, such as unusual excitement or irritability, in infants. /Antihistamines/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 327
Use is not recommended in newborn or premature infants because this age group has an increased susceptibility to anticholinergic side effects, such as central nervous system (CNS) excitation, and an increased tendency toward convulsions. /Antihistamines/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 327
A paradoxical reaction characterized by hyperexcitability may occur in children taking antihistamines. /Antihistamines/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 327
Dizziness, sedation, confusion, and hypotension may be more likely to occur in geriatric patients taking antihistamines. A paradoxical reaction characterized by hyperexcitability may occur in geriatric patients taking antihistamines. Geriatric patients are especially susceptible to the anticholinergic side effects, such as dryness of mouth and urinary retention (especially in males), of the antihistamines. If these side effects occur and continue or are severe, medication should probably be discontinued. /Antihistamines/
USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 16th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. 1996 (Plus updates)., p. 327
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for LORATADINE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Loratadine is a 2nd generation antihistamine and is used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis, wheal formation, urticaria, and other allergic dermatologic conditions.
Like other 2nd generation antihistamines, loratadine is selective for peripheral H1 receptors. Loratadine does not penetrate effectively into the central nervous system and has poor affinity for CNS H1-receptors. These qualities result in a lack of CNS depressant effects such as drowsiness, sedation, and impaired psychomotor function.
Anti-Allergic Agents
Agents that are used to treat allergic reactions. Most of these drugs act by preventing the release of inflammatory mediators or inhibiting the actions of released mediators on their target cells. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p475) (See all compounds classified as Anti-Allergic Agents.)
Antipruritics
Agents, usually topical, that relieve itching (pruritus). (See all compounds classified as Antipruritics.)
Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating
A class of non-sedating drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors (DRUG INVERSE AGONISM), thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. These antihistamines represent a heterogenous group of compounds with differing chemical structures, adverse effects, distribution, and metabolism. Compared to the early (first generation) antihistamines, these non-sedating antihistamines have greater receptor specificity, lower penetration of BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, and are less likely to cause drowsiness or psychomotor impairment. (See all compounds classified as Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating.)
R06AX13
S76 | LUXPHARMA | Pharmaceuticals Marketed in Luxembourg | Pharmaceuticals marketed in Luxembourg, as published by d'Gesondheetskeess (CNS, la caisse nationale de sante, www.cns.lu), mapped by name to structures using CompTox by R. Singh et al. (in prep.). List downloaded from https://cns.public.lu/en/legislations/textes-coordonnes/liste-med-comm.html. Dataset DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4587355
R - Respiratory system
R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use
R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use
R06AX - Other antihistamines for systemic use
R06AX13 - Loratadine
Absorption
Loratadine is rapidly absorbed and achieves peak plasma concentration in 1-2 hours, while it's main metabolite achieves peak plasma concentration in 3-4 hours. In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.56 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.14 hrs, AUC = 6.14 ng x hr/ml. In the rapid dissolve formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.72 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 49.1 ng x hr/ml. In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine are as follows: Cmax = 2.11 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.00 hr, AUC = 4.64 ng x hr/ml In the conventional formulation, the pharmacokinetic parameters of descarboethoxyloratadine are as follows: Cmax = 3.66 ng/ml, Tmax = 1.97 hr, AUC = 48.4 ng x hr/ml
Route of Elimination
Over a 10 day period, 40% of loratadine is excreted in the urine, and 42% is eliminated in the faeces.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of loratadine is 120 L/Kg.
Clearance
The clearance of loratadine after single oral doses of 20 mg and 40 mg are 12 L/h/kg and 9 L/h/kg respectively. P-glycoprotein is involved in the clearance of many 2nd generation antihistamines, including loratadine, from the central nervous system. 1st generation antihistamines are not cleared by P-glycoprotein, which may help explain why they have a different central nervous system adverse effect profile compared to their 2nd generation counterparts. It appears that an antihistamine with higher affinity for p-glycoprotein will have a lower incidence of CNS adverse effects.
H1 antagonists are eliminated more rapidly by children than by adults and more slowly in those with severe liver disease. /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 590
The H1 antagonists are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Following oral administration, peak plasma concentrations are achieved in 2 to 3 hours ... . /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 588
Approximately 80% of the total dose administered can be found equally distributed between urine and feces in the form of metabolic products after 10 days.
PDR; Physicians' Desk Reference. 50th Ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Co. p.2349 (1996)
Whole body autoradiographic studies in rats and monkeys, radiolabeled tissue distribution studies in mice and rats, and in vivo radioligand studies in mice have shown that neither loratadine nor its metabolites readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Radioligand binding studies with guinea pig pulmonary and brain H1-receptors indicate that there was preferential binding to peripheral versus central nervous system H1-receptors.
PDR; Physicians' Desk Reference. 50th Ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Co. p.2349 (1996)
Unlike other currently available antihistamines, second generation antihistamines such as ... loratadine appear to distribute poorly or not appreciably into the CNS at usual dosages.
McEvoy G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information 96. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 1996 (Plus Supplements)., p. 3
Loratadine undergoes extensive first pass metabolism in the liver and is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A1 and CYP2C19. Less involved CYP enzymes include CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP3A5. CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 are mainly responsible for metabolizing loratadine to descarboethoxyloratadine. This primary metabolite is 4 times more pharmacologically active than loratadine. In addition, a study demonstrates that descarboethoxyloratadine is first glucuronidated by UGT2B10, then hydroxylated by CYP2C8 to form 3-hydroxydesloratadine. Further glucuronidation of 3-hydroxydesloratadine facilitates excretion.
The second generation H1 antagonists astemizole, loratadine,and terfenadine are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized in the liver to active metabolites by the hepatic microsomal p450 system.
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 590
Pharmacokinetic studies following single and multiple oral doses of loratadine in 115 volunteers showed that loratadine is rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized to an active metabolite (descarboethoxyloratadine).
PDR; Physicians' Desk Reference. 50th Ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Co. p.2349 (1996)
In vitro studies with human liver microsomes indicate that loratadine is metabolized to descarboethoxyloratadine predominately by p450 CYP3A4 and, to a lesser extent, by p450 CYP2D6.
PDR; Physicians' Desk Reference. 50th Ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Co. p.2349 (1996)
H1 receptor antagonists are among the many drugs that induce hepatic microsomal enzymes, and they may facilitate their own metabolism. /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 590
The non-sedating anti-histamine, loratadine ... was admin orally in the diet to mature male rats at dosages of 4, 10 and 25 mg/kg/day for 2 wk. The effects of these treatments on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 were evaluated by immunochemical and biochemical techniques, and were compared with the effects of treating rats with three different inducers of cytochrome P450, namely phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene and dexamethasone. Treatment of rats with loratadine caused a dose dependent incr in the levels of P450 2Bl and 2B2, the major phenobarbital inducible P450 enzymes, as determined by Western immunoblotting. At the highest dosage tested, loratadine was less effective than phenobarbital as an inducer of 2Bl and 2B2, although the induction of these proteins could be detected immunochemically even at the lowest dosage of loratadine tested. Consistent with these observations, treatment of rats with loratadine caused a dose dependent incr in the rate of two reactions that are catalyzed predominantly by 2Bl/2, namely testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylation and 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylation. At the highest dosage tested, loratadine caused a 7.3- and 8.5-fold incr in the rate of testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylation and 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, respectively, compared with a and 45-fold incr caused by phenobarbital treatment. Treatment of rats with loratadine caused a 1.4 to 2.0-fold incr in the 2 beta-, 6 beta- and 15 beta-hydroxylation of testosterone, which was associated with a similar incr in the levels of immunoreactive P450 3Al and/or 3A2. As an inducer of P450 3Al/2, loratadine was slightly less effective than phenobarbital, and was considerably less effective than dexamethasone, which caused a 10- to 33-fold increase in testosterone 2 beta-, 6 beta- and 15 beta-hydroxylase activity. At the dosages tested, loratadine did not increase the levels of P450 lAl, the major 3-methylcholanthrene inducible P450 enzyme, as determined by Western immunoblotting. The rate of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, which is catalyzed predominantly by P450 lAl, incr 1.9-fold after loratidine treatment, but this incr was less than that caused by phenobarbital treatment (2.2-fold), and was considerably less than that caused by 3-methylcholanthrene treatment (33-fold). The effects of treating mature male mice with loratadine on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 resembled the effects observed in rats. These results indicate that loratadine is a phenobarbital type inducer of liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in rats and mice.
PMID:1534660 Parkinson A, et al; Biochem Pharmacol 43 (10): 2169-80 (1992)
Loratadine has known human metabolites that include Desloratadine.
S73 | METXBIODB | Metabolite Reaction Database from BioTransformer | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4056560
The elimination half life is approximately 10 hours for loratadine and 20 hours for descarboethoxyloratadine.
The mean elimination half-lives found in studies in normal adult subjects (n= 54) were 8.4 hours (range= 3 to 20 hours) for loratadine and 28 hours (range= 8.8 to 92 hours) for the major active metabolites (descarboethoxyloratadine).
PDR; Physicians' Desk Reference. 50th Ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Co. p.2349 (1996)
Histamine release is a key mediator in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. As a result, loratadine exerts it's effect by targeting H1 histamine receptors. Loratadine binds to H1 histamine receptors found on the surface of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, airway cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells among others. H1 histamine receptors fall under the wider umbrella of G-protein coupled receptors, and exist in a state of equilibrium between the active and inactive forms. Histamine binding to the H1-receptor facilitates cross linking between transmembrane domains III and V, stabilizing the active form of the receptor. On the other hand, antihistamines bind to a different site on the H1 receptor favouring the inactive form. Hence, loratadine can more accurately be classified as an "inverse agonist" as opposed to a "histamine antagonist", and can prevent or reduce the severity of histamine mediated symptoms.
All of the available H1 receptor antagonists are reversible, competitive inhibitors of the interaction of histamine with H1 receptors. /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 587
H1 antagonists inhibit most responses of smooth muscle to histamine. /H1 Antagonists Receptors/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 587
Within the vascular tree, the H1 antagonists inhibit both the vasoconstrictor effects of histamine and, to a degree, the more rapid vasodilator effects that are mediated by H1 receptors on endothelial cells. /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 588
H1 antagonists strongly block the action of histamine that results in increased capillary permeability and formation of edema and wheal. /H1 Receptor Antagonists/
Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 588
For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for LORATADINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
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PharmaCompass offers a list of Loratadine API manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by GMP, USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, Price,and more, enabling you to easily find the right Loratadine manufacturer or Loratadine supplier for your needs.
Send us enquiries for free, and we will assist you in establishing a direct connection with your preferred Loratadine manufacturer or Loratadine supplier.
PharmaCompass also assists you with knowing the Loratadine API Price utilized in the formulation of products. Loratadine API Price is not always fixed or binding as the Loratadine Price is obtained through a variety of data sources. The Loratadine Price can also vary due to multiple factors, including market conditions, regulatory modifications, or negotiated pricing deals.
A Alerpriv manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Alerpriv, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Alerpriv manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Alerpriv API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.
click here to find a list of Alerpriv manufacturers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PhamaCompass.
A Alerpriv supplier is an individual or a company that provides Alerpriv active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Alerpriv finished formulations upon request. The Alerpriv suppliers may include Alerpriv API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.
click here to find a list of Alerpriv suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.
A Alerpriv DMF (Drug Master File) is a document detailing the whole manufacturing process of Alerpriv active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in detail. Different forms of Alerpriv DMFs exist exist since differing nations have different regulations, such as Alerpriv USDMF, ASMF (EDMF), JDMF, CDMF, etc.
A Alerpriv DMF submitted to regulatory agencies in the US is known as a USDMF. Alerpriv USDMF includes data on Alerpriv's chemical properties, information on the facilities and procedures used, and details about packaging and storage. The Alerpriv USDMF is kept confidential to protect the manufacturer’s intellectual property.
click here to find a list of Alerpriv suppliers with USDMF on PharmaCompass.
The Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) established the Japan Drug Master File (JDMF), also known as the Master File (MF), to permit Japanese and foreign manufacturers of drug substances, intermediates, excipients, raw materials, and packaging materials (‘Products’) to voluntarily register confidential information about the production and management of their products in Japan.
The Alerpriv Drug Master File in Japan (Alerpriv JDMF) empowers Alerpriv API manufacturers to present comprehensive information (e.g., production methods, data, etc.) to the review authority, i.e., PMDA (Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Agency).
PMDA reviews the Alerpriv JDMF during the approval evaluation for pharmaceutical products. At the time of Alerpriv JDMF registration, PMDA checks if the format is accurate, if the necessary items have been included (application), and if data has been attached.
click here to find a list of Alerpriv suppliers with JDMF on PharmaCompass.
In Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) is in charge of regulating pharmaceutical products and services.
Pharmaceutical companies submit a Alerpriv Drug Master File in Korea (Alerpriv KDMF) to the MFDS, which includes comprehensive information about the production, processing, facilities, materials, packaging, and testing of Alerpriv. The MFDS reviews the Alerpriv KDMF as part of the drug registration process and uses the information provided in the Alerpriv KDMF to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the drug.
After submitting a Alerpriv KDMF to the MFDS, the registered manufacturer can provide importers or distributors with the registration number without revealing confidential information to Korean business partners. Applicants seeking to register their Alerpriv API can apply through the Korea Drug Master File (KDMF).
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A Alerpriv CEP of the European Pharmacopoeia monograph is often referred to as a Alerpriv Certificate of Suitability (COS). The purpose of a Alerpriv CEP is to show that the European Pharmacopoeia monograph adequately controls the purity of Alerpriv EP produced by a given manufacturer. Suppliers of raw materials can prove the suitability of Alerpriv to their clients by showing that a Alerpriv CEP has been issued for it. The manufacturer submits a Alerpriv CEP (COS) as part of the market authorization procedure, and it takes on the role of a Alerpriv CEP holder for the record. Additionally, the data presented in the Alerpriv CEP (COS) is managed confidentially and offers a centralized system acknowledged by numerous nations, exactly like the Alerpriv DMF.
A Alerpriv CEP (COS) is recognised by all 36 nations that make up the European Pharmacopoeia Convention. Alerpriv CEPs may be accepted in nations that are not members of the Ph. Eur. at the discretion of the authorities there.
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A Alerpriv written confirmation (Alerpriv WC) is an official document issued by a regulatory agency to a Alerpriv manufacturer, verifying that the manufacturing facility of a Alerpriv active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) adheres to the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) regulations of the importing country. When exporting Alerpriv APIs or Alerpriv finished pharmaceutical products to another nation, regulatory agencies frequently require a Alerpriv WC (written confirmation) as part of the regulatory process.
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National Drug Code is a comprehensive database maintained by the FDA that contains information on all drugs marketed in the US. This directory includes information about finished drug products, unfinished drug products, and compounded drug products, including those containing Alerpriv as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
The FDA updates the NDC directory daily. The NDC numbers for Alerpriv API and other APIs are published in this directory by the FDA.
The NDC unfinished drugs database includes product listing information submitted for all unfinished drugs, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), drugs intended for further processing and bulk drug substances for compounding.
Pharmaceutical companies that manufacture Alerpriv as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) must furnish the FDA with an updated record of all drugs that they produce, prepare, propagate, compound, or process for commercial distribution in the US at their facilities.
The NDC directory also contains data on finished compounded human drug products that contain Alerpriv and are produced by outsourcing facilities. While these outsourcing facilities are not mandated to assign a Alerpriv NDC to their finished compounded human drug products, they may choose to do so.
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Alerpriv Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.
GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).
PharmaCompass offers a list of Alerpriv GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Alerpriv GMP manufacturer or Alerpriv GMP API supplier for your needs.
A Alerpriv CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Alerpriv's compliance with Alerpriv specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.
Alerpriv CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Alerpriv CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.
Alerpriv may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Alerpriv EP), Alerpriv JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Alerpriv USP).
