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Technical details about Calcium Hypochlorite, learn more about the structure, uses, toxicity, action, side effects and more

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2D Structure
1. Also known as: 7778-54-3, Calcium hypochloride, Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt, Bleaching powder, Chlorinated lime, Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt (2:1)
Molecular Formula
CaCl2O2
Molecular Weight
142.98  g/mol
InChI Key
ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
11DXB629VZ

1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
calcium;dihypochlorite
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/Ca.2ClO/c;2*1-2/q+2;2*-1
2.1.3 InChI Key
ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
[O-]Cl.[O-]Cl.[Ca+2]
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
11DXB629VZ
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Calcium Oxychloride

2. Chlorinated Lime

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 7778-54-3

2. Calcium Hypochloride

3. Hypochlorous Acid, Calcium Salt

4. Bleaching Powder

5. Chlorinated Lime

6. Hypochlorous Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1)

7. 11dxb629vz

8. Pittchlor

9. Pittcide

10. Pittclor

11. Sentry

12. Chemichlor G

13. Chlorine Of Lime

14. Solvox Ks

15. T-eusol

16. Chlorolime Chemical

17. Caswell No. 145

18. Hth (bleaching Agent)

19. Chloride Of Lime(dot)

20. Calcium Chlorohypochloride

21. Calcium Chlorohydrochlorite

22. Hipoclorito Calcico

23. Hipoclorito Calcico [spanish]

24. Bleaching Powder(dot) (van)

25. Chlorinated Lime(dot) (van)

26. Calcium Dihypochlorite

27. Ccris 9132

28. Hsdb 914

29. Hypochlorite De Calcium [french]

30. Hypochlorite De Calcium

31. Einecs 231-908-7

32. Nsc 21546

33. Un1748

34. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 014701

35. Un 1748

36. Unii-11dxb629vz

37. Calcium Hypochlorite Mixture, Dry (dot)

38. Calcium Hypochlorite Solutions

39. Calcium Hypochlorite [hypochloride Salts]

40. Calcium Hypochlorite Solutions (15% Or Less)

41. Chlorinated Lime (jp17)

42. Ec 231-908-7

43. Calcium Hypochlorite Solutions (more Than 15%)

44. Chlorinated Lime [jan]

45. Chembl2251447

46. Dtxsid1029700

47. Chebi:31342

48. Calcium Hypochlorite [mi]

49. Chlorinated Lime [who-dd]

50. Calcium Hypochlorite [hsdb]

51. Calcium Hypochlorite [inci]

52. Akos015848494

53. Akos015902937

54. Db-023010

55. D01727

56. Q407300

57. Calcium Hypochlorite, Dry Or Calcium Hypochlorite Mixtures, Dry With >39% Available Chlorine (8.8% Available Oxygen)

58. Calcium Hypochlorite, Dry Or Calcium Hypochlorite Mixtures, Dry With >39% Available Chlorine (8.8% Available Oxygen) [un1748] [oxidizer]

2.4 Create Date
2005-06-24
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 142.98 g/mol
Molecular Formula CaCl2O2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count0
Exact Mass141.8901255 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass141.8901255 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area46.1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count5
Formal Charge0
Complexity2
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count3
4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
4.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Only ca. 50% is excreted mainly with the urine followed by excretion with feces. /Sodium hypochlorite/

OECD SIDS for Calcium Hypochlorite (CAS RN 7778-54-3). Available from, as of August 27, 2013: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7778543.pdf


Most of the data for toxicity of this substance by the oral route came from studies performed with sodium hypochlorite or chlorine gas. In biological systems, characterized by pH values in the range of 6-8, the most abundant active chemical species is HClO, in equilibrium with ClO-. Such available chlorine is readily absorbed via the oral route and distributed into plasma, bone marrow, testis, skin, kidney and lung. /sodium hypochlorite/

OECD SIDS for Calcium Hypochlorite (CAS RN 7778-54-3). Available from, as of August 27, 2013: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7778543.pdf


4.2 Metabolism/Metabolites

It is well known from studies on HClO in inflammation processes that HClO is not enzymatically metabolised and its (bio)transformation readily occurs through direct reactions with organic compounds or with other chemicals present in the cellular environment, including hydrogen peroxide. The toxicokinetic study showed that chloride ion accounted for >80% (36)Cl radioactivity present in rat plasma. /Hypochlorite/

OECD SIDS for Calcium Hypochlorite (CAS RN 7778-54-3). Available from, as of August 27, 2013: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7778543.pdf


4.3 Mechanism of Action

Hypochlorous ions are physiologically present in the human body, being formed by white blood cells (neutrophils and monocytes) as a powerful antimicrobial agent during inflammation process. When the recognition of "non-self" proteins in an invading micro-organism triggers the immune response, the enzyme myeloperoxidase located in mammalian neutrophils catalyses hypochlorous acid formation trough the oxidation of chloride ion in combination with hydrogen peroxide. The endogenously formed hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the process of phagocytosis through which bacteria are killed. Due to its potent cytotoxic action, hypochlorite is also responsible for neutrophil-mediated tissue damage associated with the inflammatory response. Its high efficiency as antimicrobial agent is associated with the lack of a catalytically active detoxifying mechanism for HOCl in both bacteria and mammalian cells. Although it has been suggested that HOCl-induced cytotoxicity can be associated to the degradation of a number of functionally important molecules the primary mechanism of action is still not fully elucidated. /Hypochlorite/

OECD SIDS for Calcium Hypochlorite (CAS RN 7778-54-3). Available from, as of August 27, 2013: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7778543.pdf


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