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Phenyltoloxamine
Also known as: 92-12-6, Phenoxadrin, Phenoxadrine, Phentoloxamine, Bistrimin, Bristamin
Molecular Formula
C17H21NO
Molecular Weight
255.35  g/mol
InChI Key
IZRPKIZLIFYYKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
K65LB6598J

Phenyltoloxamine is an ethanolamine derivative with antihistaminic property. Phenyltoloxamine blocks H1 histamine receptors, thereby inhibiting phospholipase A2 and production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide. Subsequent lack of activation of guanylyl cyclase through nitric oxide results in decreased cyclic GMP levels, thereby inhibiting smooth muscle constriction of various tissues, decreasing capillary permeability and decreasing other histamine-activated allergic reactions.
1 2D Structure

Phenyltoloxamine

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
2-(2-benzylphenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C17H21NO/c1-18(2)12-13-19-17-11-7-6-10-16(17)14-15-8-4-3-5-9-15/h3-11H,12-14H2,1-2H3
2.1.3 InChI Key
IZRPKIZLIFYYKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CN(C)CCOC1=CC=CC=C1CC2=CC=CC=C2
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
K65LB6598J
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. N,n-dimethyl-2-(alpha-phenyl-o-tolyloxy)ethylamine

2. Phenyltoloxamine Hydrochloride

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 92-12-6

2. Phenoxadrin

3. Phenoxadrine

4. Phentoloxamine

5. Bistrimin

6. Bristamin

7. Histionex

8. Antin

9. 2-(2-benzylphenoxy)-n,n-dimethylethanamine

10. 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)diphenylmethane

11. Phenyltoloxamine Resin Complex

12. Chembl186720

13. N,n-dimethyl-2-(a-phenyl-o-toloxy)ethylamine

14. K65lb6598j

15. Ethanamine, N,n-dimethyl-2-(2-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy)-

16. Ethanamine, N,n-dimethyl-2-[2-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]-

17. Antin; Bistrimin; Bristamin; C 5581h; Histionex

18. Feniltoloxamina

19. Feniltolossamina

20. Feniltolossamina [dcit]

21. Phenyltoloxaminum

22. Phenyltoloxamine [inn:ban]

23. Feniltoloxamina [inn-spanish]

24. Phenyltoloxaminum [inn-latin]

25. Einecs 202-127-9

26. C 5581h

27. Brn 1986598

28. N,n-dimethyl-2-(alpha-phenyl-o-tolyloxy)ethylamine

29. Fenoxadrin

30. Phentoloxamin

31. Unii-k65lb6598j

32. N,n-dimethyl-2-(2-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy)ethanamine

33. Ethanamine, N,n-dimethyl-2-((alpha-phenyl-o-tolyl)oxy)-

34. Floxamine (salt/mix)

35. Schembl28854

36. Phenyltoloxamine [mi]

37. 4-06-00-04630 (beilstein Handbook Reference)

38. Phenyltoloxamine [inn]

39. Zinc1931

40. Phenyltoloxamine [vandf]

41. Dtxsid9023467

42. Phenyltoloxamine [who-dd]

43. Chebi:135047

44. Hy-b1733

45. Bdbm50151046

46. Db11160

47. Dimethyl{2-[2-benzylphenoxy]ethyl}amine

48. Ncgc00021141-01

49. Ncgc00021141-02

50. Ncgc00021141-03

51. Ncgc00022229-03

52. C 5581 H

53. 2-(2-benzylphenoxy)-n,n-dimethylethylamine

54. 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]diphenylmethane

55. O-benzylphenyl 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl Ether

56. 2-(2-benzylphenoxy)-n,n-dimethyl-ethanamine

57. Cs-0013741

58. [2-(2-benzyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-dimethyl-amine

59. Phenyltoloxamine Resin Complex [vandf]

60. 2-(2-benzylphenoxy)-n,n-dimethylethanamine #

61. 2-benzylphenyl-.beta.-dimethylamino Ethyl Ether

62. Phenyltoloxamine Resin Complex [who-dd]

63. N,n-dimethyl-2-(.alpha.-phenyl-o-toloxy)ethylamine

64. Q7181443

65. N,n-dimethyl-2-((.alpha.-phenyl-o-tolyl)oxy)ethylamine

66. N,n-dimethyl-2-{[2-(phenylmethyl)phenyl]oxy}ethanamine

67. Ethylamine, N,n-dimethyl-2-[(.alpha.-phenyl-o-tolyl)oxy]-

68. N,n-dimethyl-2-(.alpha.-phenyl-o-tolyloxy)ethylamine

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 255.35 g/mol
Molecular Formula C17H21NO
XLogP33.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count6
Exact Mass255.162314293 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass255.162314293 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area12.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count19
Formal Charge0
Complexity235
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Indication

The primary therapeutic use for which phenyltoloxamine is currently indicated is as an adjuvant therapy in various combination products containing an analgesic(s) (either narcotic or non-narcotic), where it is expected to potentiate the pain relieving, anti-tussive, etc. effect(s) of the analgesic component of the product. In that regard, some of these aforementioned combination products are typically indicated for the temporary relief of minor aches and pains like headache, muscular aches, backaches, minor arthritis pain, common cold, toothaches, menstrual cramps, etc; or perhaps for the treatment of exhausting or non-productive cough, associated with cold or with upper respiratory allergic condition that does not respond to non-narcotic antitussives.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

As a member of the first generation H1 antihistamines, it is known that phenyltoloxamine - like virtually all first generation H1 antihistamines - has a propensity for crossing the blood-brain barrier and acting on H1 histamine receptors there to interfere with neurotransmission. The most common results of this kind of first generation H1 antihistamine CNS neurotransmission interference are adverse effects like drowsiness, sedation, somnolence, and fatigue. Given these effects, under specific circumstances like a patient experiencing a pain or a cough that may be preoccupying all of their waking energy and attention, it is perhaps possible that the sedative and tranquilizing characteristics of phenyltoloxamine may be the factors that contribute to its apparent adjunctive analgesic and antitussive actions.


5.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Readily accessible data regarding the absorption of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


Route of Elimination

Readily accessible data regarding the primary route of elimination of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


Volume of Distribution

Readily accessible data regarding the volume of distribution of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


Clearance

Readily accessible data regarding the clearance of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


5.3 Metabolism/Metabolites

Readily accessible data regarding the metabolism of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


5.4 Biological Half-Life

Readily accessible data regarding the half-life of phenyltoloxamine is not available. In fact, many first-generation H1 antihistamines have never had their pharmacokinetics (ie. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) optimally investigated.


5.5 Mechanism of Action

As a first-generation H1 antihistamine, phenyltoloxamine interferes with the agonist activity of histamine at the H1 receptor and are ostensibly used to attenuate inflammatory processes as a means to treat conditions like allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. Reduction of the activity of the NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) immune response transcription factor via the phospholipase C and phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) signaling pathways also serves to decrease antigen presentation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and chemotactic factors. Moreover, lowering calcium ion concentration leads to increased mast cell stability which reduces further histamine release. Additionally, first-generation antihistamines like phenyltoloxamine readily cross the blood-brain barrier and cause sedation and other adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects, like nervousness and insomnia. By comparison, second-generation antihistamines are more selective for H1 receptors in the peripheral nervous system and do not cross the blood-brain barrier, resulting in fewer adverse drug effects overall. Furthermore, although some studies propose that phenyltoloxamine may possess some intrinsic antispasmodic and distinct local anesthetic properties, the specific mechanisms of action for these effects have not been formalized. Also, even though the combination of phenyltoloxamine's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and cause various tranquilizing effects may explain to some extent how it may be able to potentiate analgesic effects, there are also studies that observed no potentiating effects associated with phenyltoloxamine use either.


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