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    Technical details about Germanium, learn more about the structure, uses, toxicity, action, side effects and more

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    Germanium

    APIs // Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

    PRICE INFORMATION

    PharmaCompass

    Veranova: A CDMO that manages complexity with confidence.

    Axplora- The partner of choice for complex APIs.

    2D Structure
    1. Also known as: 7440-56-4, Ge, Germanium powder, Germanium(2+), 13572-99-1, 00072j7xws
    Molecular Formula
    Ge
    Molecular Weight
    72.63  g/mol
    InChI Key
    GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    FDA UNII
    00072J7XWS
    A rare metal element with a blue-gray appearance and atomic symbol Ge, atomic number 32, and atomic weight 72.63.
    1 2D Structure

    2D Structure

    2 Identification
    2.1 Computed Descriptors
    2.1.1 IUPAC Name
    germanium
    2.1.2 InChI
    InChI=1S/Ge
    2.1.3 InChI Key
    GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
    [Ge]
    2.2 Other Identifiers
    2.2.1 UNII
    00072J7XWS
    2.3 Synonyms
    2.3.1 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

    1. 7440-56-4

    2. Ge

    3. Germanium Powder

    4. Germanium(2+)

    5. 13572-99-1

    6. 00072j7xws

    7. Mfcd00085310

    8. Germylidyne

    9. Germanium Optical Window, 50.8mm (2.0in) Dia X 2mm (0.08in) Thick

    10. Hsdb 2118

    11. Germanium, Chips, 99.999% Trace Metals Basis

    12. Germanium, Metal Powder

    13. Einecs 231-164-3

    14. Germanio

    15. Germylium

    16. Germanium Atom

    17. Unii-00072j7xws

    18. Germanium Wafer

    19. Germanium, Disks, 15mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Polycrystalline, 100%

    20. Germanium Nanorods

    21. Germanium Nanowires

    22. Germanium Single Crystal Disc, 10mm (0.39in) Dia, 1-3mm (0.04-0.1in) Thick, (111) Orientation, +/-0.5 Degrees

    23. Germanium Nanopowder

    24. Germanium Nanoprisms

    25. Germanium(2+) Ion

    26. Germanium(ii) Cation

    27. Germanium Pieces, 5n

    28. Germanium Nanoparticles

    29. Tetrahydrogermane

    30. Germanium [mi]

    31. Germane [mi]

    32. Germanium [hsdb]

    33. Germanium [vandf]

    34. Ultra Thin Germanium Foil

    35. Germanium Metallicum

    36. 32ge

    37. Germanium, Elemental

    38. Germanium [who-dd]

    39. Germanium Nanorods Properties

    40. Germanium Ingot, Zone Refined

    41. Germanium Nanowires Properties

    42. Germanium Powder, -100 Mesh

    43. Germanium(4+) Hydride

    44. Dtxsid7052521

    45. Dtxsid8052483

    46. Chebi:30441

    47. Chebi:30549

    48. Chebi:30556

    49. Ge(2+)

    50. Ge(4-)

    51. Dtxsid30422913

    52. Germanium Hydride (geh4)

    53. Dtxsid901318637

    54. Akos015902739

    55. Akos025295742

    56. Cobalt Oxide (coo) Sputtering Targets

    57. Un-2192

    58. Germanium Pieces, 2cm (0.8in) & Down

    59. Q867

    60. Germanium Pieces, 3-9mm (0.1-0.4in)

    61. Germanium Pieces, 3.2mm (0.125in) And Down

    62. Germanium Pieces, 2cm (0.8in) & Down, Puratronic?

    63. Q27113859

    64. Q27113865

    65. Germanium Rod, Polycrystalline, 6.35mm (0.25in) Dia

    66. Germanium, Plasma Standard Solution, Specpure, Ge 10g/ml

    67. Germanium, Aas Standard Solution, Specpure?, Ge 1000?g/ml

    68. Germanium, Powder, -100 Mesh, >=99.99% Trace Metals Basis

    69. Germanium, Powder, -100 Mesh, >=99.999% Trace Metals Basis

    70. Germanium, Rod, 6mm, Diameter 6.0mm, Single Crystal, 100%

    71. Germanium, Disks, 20mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Single Crystal, 100%

    72. Germanium, Plasma Standard Solution, Specpure?, Ge 10,000?g/ml

    73. Germanium, Rod, 2.0 Mm Diameter, Length 50 Mm, Purity 99.999%

    74. Germanium Optical Window, 25.4mm (1.0in) Dia X 1mm (0.04in) Thick

    75. Germanium Optical Window, 25.4mm (1.0in) Dia X 2mm (0.08in) Thick

    76. Germanium Optical Window, 50.8mm (2.0in) Dia X 1mm (0.04in) Thick

    77. Germanium, Lump, 10 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 100 G, Purity 99.999%

    78. Germanium, Lump, 10 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 20 G, Purity 99.999%

    79. Germanium, Lump, 10 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 50 G, Purity 99.999%

    80. Germanium, Lump, 12.5 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 100 G, Purity 99.999%

    81. Germanium, Lump, 12.5 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 20 G, Purity 99.999%

    82. Germanium, Lump, 12.5 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 50 G, Purity 99.999%

    83. Germanium, Lump, 25 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 100 G, Purity 99.999%

    84. Germanium, Lump, 25 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 20 G, Purity 99.999%

    85. Germanium, Lump, 25 Mm Max. Lump Size, Weight 50 G, Purity 99.999%

    86. Germanium, Rod, 25mm, Diameter 2.0mm, Polycrystalline, N-type, 99.999%

    87. Germanium, Rod, 25mm, Diameter 5mm, Polycrystalline, N-type, 99.999%

    88. Germanium, Rod, 45mm, Diameter 2.0mm, Polycrystalline, N-type, 99.999%

    89. Germanium, Rod, 50mm, Diameter 5mm, Polycrystalline, N-type, 99.999%

    90. Germanium, Sheet, 10x10mm, Thickness 0.10mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    91. Germanium, Sheet, 10x10mm, Thickness 0.25mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    92. Germanium, Sheet, 10x10mm, Thickness 0.5mm, Single Crystal, -111, 100%

    93. Germanium, Sheet, 10x10mm, Thickness 0.6mm, Single Crystal, -111, 100%

    94. Germanium, Sheet, 25x25mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    95. Germanium, Sheet, 25x25mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Single Crystal, 99.999%

    96. Germanium, Sheet, 25x25mm, Thickness 3.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    97. Germanium, Sheet, 4x4mm, Thickness 0.05mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    98. Germanium, Sheet, 50x50mm, Thickness 0.5mm, Single Crystal, 99.999%

    99. Germanium, Sheet, 50x50mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    100. Germanium, Sheet, 50x50mm, Thickness 3.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    101. Germanium, Sheet, 6x6mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    102. Germanium, Sheet, 7x24mm, Thickness 1.0mm, Polycrystalline, 99.999%

    103. Germanium, Sheet, Thickness 0.5 Mm, Diameter 50.8 Mm, Purity 99.999%

    104. Germanium, Sheet, Thickness 2.0 Mm, Size 10 X 24 Mm, Purity 99.999%

    105. Germanium, Plasma Standard Solution, Specpure?, Ge 1000?g/ml, (nh4)2gef6 In H2o/trace F-

    106. Germanium, Plasma Standard Solution, Specpure?, Ge 1000?g/ml, Ge In 5% Hno3/tr. Hf

    107. Germanium, Powder, 150 Max. Part. Size (micron), Weight 100 G, Purity 99.999%

    108. Germanium, Powder, 150 Max. Part. Size (micron), Weight 50 G, Purity 99.999%

    109. Germanium, Powder, Max. Particle Size 150 Micron, Weight 20 G, Purity 99.999%

    110. 33272-98-9

    111. Germanium Single Crystal Disc, 10mm (0.39in) Dia, 1-3mm (0.04-0.1in) Thick, (100) Orientation, +/-0.5 Degrees

    112. Germanium Single Crystal Disc, 10mm (0.39in) Dia, 1-3mm (0.04-0.1in) Thick, (110) Orientation, +/-0.5 Degrees

    113. Germanium, Microfoil, 25x25mm, Thinness 0.25mum, Specific Density 166.3mug/cm2, 6 Micron Aluminum Permanent Support, 100%

    114. Germanium, Microfoil, 25x25mm, Thinness 0.5mum, Specific Density 333mug/cm2, 6 Micron Aluminum Permanent Support, 100%

    115. Germanium, Microfoil, 50x50mm, Thinness 0.25mum, Specific Density 166.3mug/cm2, 6 Micron Aluminum Permanent Support, 100%

    2.4 Create Date
    2004-09-16
    3 Chemical and Physical Properties
    Molecular Weight 72.63 g/mol
    Molecular Formula Ge
    Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
    Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count0
    Rotatable Bond Count0
    Exact Mass73.9211778 g/mol
    Monoisotopic Mass73.9211778 g/mol
    Topological Polar Surface Area0 Ų
    Heavy Atom Count1
    Formal Charge0
    Complexity0
    Isotope Atom Count0
    Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
    4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
    4.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

    ABSORPTION FROM THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT IS RAPID...76.3% OF THE ADMINISTERED DOSE WITHIN 4 HR & 96.4% AFTER 8 HR. BY SC, IM, OR IP INJECTION... ABSORPTION IS RAPID & PRACTICALLY COMPLETE. AFTER 1 HR 93.8% OF IM DOSE HAD DISAPPEARED FROM THE SITE OF INJECTION...

    Browning, E. Toxicity of Industrial Metals. 2nd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969., p. 159

    ...IM DOSE...NO GERMANIUM COULD BE RECOVERED FROM ANY OF THE MUSCLES INJECTED AFTER 7 HR. IT ENTERS THE BLOOD STREAM, AND IS TRANSPORTED, UNBOUND TO PLASMA PROTEINS IN PLASMA, & IS CARRIED RAPIDLY TO THE TISSUES, WHERE IT IS DEPOSITED AMONG ALL THE ORGANS.

    Browning, E. Toxicity of Industrial Metals. 2nd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969., p. 159

    IN MICE CONTINUOUS FEEDING OF GERMANIUM CAUSES ACCUMULATION IN THE SPLEEN; HOWEVER SAME IS NOT TRUE FOR RATS. INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS TO GERMANIUM AND GERMANIUM OXIDE ... REVEALED RAPID REMOVAL FROM THE LUNG TISSUE.

    Doull, J., C.D. Klaassen, and M. D. Amdur (eds.). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1980., p. 444

    INORGANIC GERMANIUM ... READILY ABSORBED FOLLOWING A FEW MG ORAL, SUBCUTANEOUS, INTRAMUSCULAR, OR INTRAPERITONEAL DOSES IN THE RAT. BLOOD LEVELS ATTAINED... LESS THAN 10 UG/G WITHIN A FEW HOURS AFTER ADMIN; FOLLOWING SINGLE SMALL DOSE, GERMANIUM LEAVES BLOOD STREAM WITHIN FEW HR. /GERMANIUM CMPD/

    Patty, F. (ed.). Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume II: Toxicology. 2nd ed. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1963., p. 1046

    For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for GERMANIUM (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

    4.2 Biological Half-Life

    Inadequate data, but estimated at 1.5 days whole-body retention time in rats; [Nordberg, p. 557]

    Nordberg - Nordberg GF, Fowler BA, Nordberg M (eds). Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 4th Ed. Boston: Elsevier, 2015., p. 557

    FOR RATS BIOL T/2 CAN BE...EST AS 1.5 DAYS FOR WHOLE BODY RETENTION, 2 DAYS FOR LIVER & 4.5 DAYS FOR KIDNEY.

    Friberg, L., Nordberg, G.F., Kessler, E. and Vouk, V.B. (eds). Handbook of the Toxicology of Metals. 2nd ed. Vols I, II.: Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1986., p. II:260

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