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Triethylamine
Also known as: N,n-diethylethanamine, 121-44-8, (diethylamino)ethane, Ethanamine, n,n-diethyl-, Triethylamin, Triethyl amine
Molecular Formula
C6H15N
Molecular Weight
101.19  g/mol
InChI Key
ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
VOU728O6AY

Acute (short-term) exposure of humans to triethylamine vapor causes eye irritation, corneal swelling, and halo vision. People have complained of seeing "blue haze" or having "smoky vision." These effects have been reversible upon cessation of exposure. Acute exposure can irritate the skin and mucous membranes in humans. Chronic (long-term) exposure of workers to triethylamine vapor has been observed to cause reversible corneal edema. Chronic inhalation exposure has resulted in respiratory and hematological effects and eye lesions in rats and rabbits. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of triethylamine in humans. EPA has not classified triethylamine with respect to potential carcinogenicity.
1 2D Structure

Triethylamine

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
N,N-diethylethanamine
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C6H15N/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3/h4-6H2,1-3H3
2.1.3 InChI Key
ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CCN(CC)CC
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
VOU728O6AY
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Triethylamine Acetate

2. Triethylamine Dinitrate

3. Triethylamine Hydrobromide

4. Triethylamine Hydrochloride

5. Triethylamine Maleate (1:1)

6. Triethylamine Phosphate

7. Triethylamine Phosphate (1:1)

8. Triethylamine Phosphonate (1:1)

9. Triethylamine Sulfate

10. Triethylamine Sulfate (2:1)

11. Triethylamine Sulfite (1:1)

12. Triethylamine Sulfite (2:1)

13. Triethylammonium Formate

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. N,n-diethylethanamine

2. 121-44-8

3. (diethylamino)ethane

4. Ethanamine, N,n-diethyl-

5. Triethylamin

6. Triethyl Amine

7. Triaethylamin

8. Trietilamina

9. N,n,n-triethylamine

10. Net3

11. Trietylamine

12. Tri-ethyl Amine

13. (c2h5)3n

14. Mfcd00009051

15. N,n-diethyl-ethanamine

16. Vou728o6ay

17. Chebi:35026

18. Diethylaminoethane

19. Triethylamine, >=99.5%

20. Triaethylamin [german]

21. Trietilamina [italian]

22. Ccris 4881

23. Hsdb 896

24. Et3n

25. Ten [base]

26. Einecs 204-469-4

27. Un1296

28. Unii-vou728o6ay

29. Triehtylamine

30. Triehylamine

31. Trieihylamine

32. Triethlyamine

33. Triethyamine

34. Triethylamine 100ml

35. Triethylamme

36. Triethylarnine

37. Thethylamine

38. Triethlamine

39. Triethyiamine

40. Triethylannine

41. Tri-ethylamine

42. Triehyl Amine

43. Triethyl Amin

44. Triethylam Ine

45. Triethylami-ne

46. Triethylamine-

47. Trietyl Amine

48. Tri Ethyl Amine

49. Triethyl- Amine

50. Ai3-15425

51. Green Tea 95%

52. N, N-diethylethanamine

53. Green Tea Pe 50%

54. Green Tea Pe 90%

55. N,n,n-triethylamine #

56. Triethylamine, 99.5%

57. Triethylamine, >=99%

58. Triethylamine [un1296] [flammable Liquid]

59. Dsstox_cid_4366

60. Triethylamine [mi]

61. Ec 204-469-4

62. N(et)3

63. Dsstox_rid_77381

64. Nciopen2_006503

65. Triethylamine [fhfi]

66. Triethylamine [hsdb]

67. Triethylamine [inci]

68. Dsstox_gsid_24366

69. Bidd:er0331

70. Triethylamine (reagent Grade)

71. Triethylamine, Lr, >=99%

72. Triethylamine [usp-rs]

73. (ch3ch2)3n

74. Chembl284057

75. N(ch2ch3)3

76. Green Tea Extract (50/30)

77. Green Tea Extract (90/40)

78. Dtxsid3024366

79. Fema No. 4246

80. Triethylamine, Hplc, 99.6%

81. Triethylamine, P.a., 99.0%

82. Green Tea Extract 50% Material

83. Triethylamine, Analytical Standard

84. Adal1185352

85. Bcp07310

86. N(c2h5)3

87. Triethylamine, For Synthesis, 99%

88. Zinc1242720

89. Tox21_200873

90. Triethylamine, 99.7%, Extra Pure

91. Green Tea Powder & Powder Extract

92. Stl282722

93. Akos000119998

94. Triethylamine, Purum, >=99% (gc)

95. Triethylamine, Zero2(tm), >=99%

96. Zinc112977393

97. Un 1296

98. Ncgc00248857-01

99. Ncgc00258427-01

100. Triethylamine 100 Microg/ml In Methanol

101. Cas-121-44-8

102. Triethylamine, Bioultra, >=99.5% (gc)

103. Triethylamine, Saj First Grade, >=98.0%

104. Ft-0688146

105. T0424

106. Triethylamine 100 Microg/ml In Acetonitrile

107. Triethylamine [un1296] [flammable Liquid]

108. Triethylamine, Trace Metals Grade, 99.99%

109. Triethylamine, Saj Special Grade, >=98.0%

110. Triethylamine, Puriss. P.a., >=99.5% (gc)

111. Q139199

112. J-004499

113. J-525077

114. F0001-0344

115. Triethylamine, For Amino Acid Analysis, >=99.5% (gc)

116. Z137796018

117. Triethylamine, For Protein Sequence Analysis, Ampule, >=99.5% (gc)

118. Triethylamine, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 101.19 g/mol
Molecular Formula C6H15N
XLogP31.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count1
Rotatable Bond Count3
Exact Mass101.120449483 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass101.120449483 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area3.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count7
Formal Charge0
Complexity25.7
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
4.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

The pharmacokinetics of the industrially important compound triethylamine (TEA) and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) were studied in four volunteers after oral and intravenous administration. TEA was efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, rapidly distributed, and in part metabolized into TEAO. There was no significant first pass metabolism. TEAO was also well absorbed from the GI tract. Within the GI tract, TEAO was reduced into TEA (19%) and dealkylated into diethylamine (DEA; 10%). The apparent volumes of distribution during the elimination phase were 192 liters for TEA and 103 liters for TEAO. Gastric intubation showed that there was a close association between levels of TEA in plasma and gastric juice, the latter levels being 30 times higher. The TEA and TEAO in plasma had half-lives of about 3 and 4 hr, respectively. Exhalation of TEA was minimal. More than 90% of the dose was recovered in the urine as TEA and TEAO. The urinary clearances of TEA and TEAO indicated that in addition to glomerular filtration, tubular secretion takes place. For TEAO at high levels, the secretion appears to be saturable. The present data, in combination with those of earlier studies, indicate that the sum of TEA and TEAO in urine may be used for biological monitoring of exposure to TEA.

PMID:2781570 Akesson B et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 100 (3): 529-38 (1989)


The objectives of the study were to assess triethylamine (TEA) exposure in cold-box core making and to study the applicability of urinary TEA measurement in exposure evaluation. Air samples were collected by pumping of air through activated-charcoal-filled glass tubes, and pre- and postshift urine samples were collected. The TEA concentrations were determined by gas chromatography. TEA was measured in air and urine samples from the same shift. Breathing-zone measurements of 19 workers in 3 foundries were included in the study, and stationary and continuous air measurements were also made in the same foundries. Pre- and postshift urine samples were analyzed for their TEA and triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) concentrations. The TEA concentration range was 0.3-23 mg/cu m in the breathing zone of the core makers. The mean 8-hr time-weighted average exposure levels were 1.3, 4.0, and 13 mg/cu m for the three foundries. Most of the preshift urinary TEA concentrations were under the detection limit, whereas the postshift urinary TEA concentrations ranged between 5.6 and 171 mmol/mol creatinine. The TEAO concentrations were 4-34% (mean 19%) of the summed TEA + TEAO concentrations. The correlation between air and urine measurements was high (r=0.96, p<0.001). A TEA air concentration of 4.1 mg/cu m (the current ACGIH 8-hr time-weighted average threshold limit value) corresponded to a urinary concentration of 36 mmol/mol creatinine.

PMID:9439991 Jarvinen P, Engstrom K; Int Arch Occup Environ Health 70(6): 424-7 (1997)


In 20 workers studied before, during, and after exposure to triethylamine (TEA) in a polyurethane-foam producing plant the amount of TEA and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) excreted in urine corresponded to an average of 80% of the inhaled amount. An average of 27% was TEAO, but with a pronounced interindividual variation. Older subjects excreted more than younger ones; less than 0.3% was excreted as diethylamine.

PMID:2782314 Akesson B et al; Am J Ind Med; 16 (3): 255-65 (1989)


4.2 Metabolism/Metabolites

There have been few studies on the metabolism of industrially important aliphatic amines such as triethylamine. It is generally assumed that amines not normally present in the body are metabolized by monoamine oxidase and diamine oxidase (histaminase). Monoamine oxidase catalyzes the deamination of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. ... Ultimately ammonia is formed and will be converted to urea. The hydrogen peroxide formed is acted upon by catalase and the aldehyde formed is thought to be converted to the corresponding carboxylic acid by the action of aldehyde oxidase.

Snyder, R. (ed.). Ethel Browning's Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents. 2nd ed. Volume II: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Solvents. Amsterdam-New York-Oxford: Elsevier, 1990., p. 131


Five healthy volunteers were exposed by inhalation to triethylamine (TEA; four or eight hours at about 10, 20, 35, and 50 mg/cu m), a compound widely used as a curing agent in polyurethane systems. Analysis of plasma and urine showed that an average of 24% of the TEA was biotransformed into triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) but with a wide interindividual variation (15-36%). The TEA and TEAO were quantitatively eliminated in the urine. The plasma and urinary concentrations of TEA and TEAO decreased rapidly after the end of exposure (average half time of TEA was 3.2 hr).

PMID:3378003 Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1007987 Akesson B et al; Br J Ind Med 45 (4): 262-8 (1988)


In 20 workers studied before, during, and after exposure to triethylamine (TEA) in a polyurethane-foam producing plant the amount of TEA and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) excreted in urine corresponded to an average of 80% of the inhaled amount. An average of 27% was TEAO, but with a pronounced interindividual variation. Older subjects excreted more than younger ones; less than 0.3% was excreted as diethylamine.

PMID:2782314 Akesson B et al; Am J Ind Med; 16 (3): 255-65 (1989)


4.3 Biological Half-Life

After oral dose of triethylamine to four men, triethylamine in plasma had a half-life of about 3 hr (range, 2.4-3.5 hr).

PMID:2781570 Akesson B et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 100 (3): 529-38 (1989)


Plasma half-life after inhalation exposure to five volunteers was 3.2 hr.

PMID:3378003 Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1007987 Akesson B et al; Br J Ind Med 45 (4): 262-8 (1988)


In 20 workers studied before, during, and after exposure to triethylamine (TEA) in a polyurethane-foam producing plant the amount of TEA and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) excreted in urine corresponded to an average of 80% of the inhaled amount. ... The data indicate half-lives for TEA and TEAO excretion in urine of about 3 hr.

PMID:2782314 Akesson B et al; Am J Ind Med; 16 (3): 255-65 (1989)


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