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Chemistry

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Also known as: 142-47-2, Sodium l-glutamate, Sodium glutamate, Ajinomoto, Glutacyl, L-glutamic acid, monosodium salt
Molecular Formula
C5H8NNaO4
Molecular Weight
169.11  g/mol
InChI Key
LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M

Sodium Glutamate
One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.
1 2D Structure

Sodium Glutamate

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
sodium;(2S)-2-amino-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoate
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C5H9NO4.Na/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8;/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10);/q;+1/p-1/t3-;/m0./s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
C(CC(=O)O)C(C(=O)[O-])N.[Na+]
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
C(CC(=O)O)[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N.[Na+]
2.2 Synonyms
2.2.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Accent

2. Glutamate, Sodium

3. Msg

4. Sodium Glutamate

5. Vestin

2.2.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 142-47-2

2. Sodium L-glutamate

3. Sodium Glutamate

4. Ajinomoto

5. Glutacyl

6. L-glutamic Acid, Monosodium Salt

7. Monosodium L-glutamate

8. Glutavene

9. Ancoma

10. L-monosodium Glutamate

11. Chinese Seasoning

12. L-glutamic Acid Monosodium Salt

13. 16177-21-2

14. L-glutamic Acid Sodium Salt

15. Glutamic Acid, Sodium Salt

16. L(+) Sodium Glutamate

17. Glutamate Monosodium Salt

18. Sodium Hydrogen Glutamate

19. Natriumglutaminat

20. Glutamate Sodium

21. Natrium L-hydrogenglutamat

22. Monosodioglutammato

23. Glutammato Monosodico

24. Fema No. 2756

25. Vetsin

26. Zest

27. Sodium (s)-2-amino-4-carboxybutanoate

28. Rl-50

29. Msg

30. Sodium;(2s)-2-amino-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoate

31. Monosodium Glutamate Anhydrous

32. Sodium (2s)-2-amino-4-carboxybutanoate

33. L-glutamic Acid Monosodium

34. Accent (food Additive)

35. Glutamat Sodny [czech]

36. Glutamat Sodny

37. Sodium Glutamate (van)

38. Natriumglutaminat [german]

39. C3c196l9fg

40. Sodium L-glutamate (van)

41. Monosodioglutammato [italian]

42. Ccris 3625

43. Hsdb 580

44. Glutammato Monosodico [italian]

45. Mono Sodium Glutamate

46. Glutamic Acid, L-, Sodium Salt

47. L-glutamic Acid, Sodium Salt (1:1)

48. Glutamate Sodium [jan]

49. Einecs 205-538-1

50. L-glutamic Acid, Sodium Salt (van)

51. Nsc 135529

52. Unii-c3c196l9fg

53. Ai3-18393

54. Einecs 240-313-1

55. Glutamic Acid, Monosodium Salt, L-

56. L-glutamic Acid, Sodiumsalt (1:1)

57. H-glu-oh.na

58. 6106-04-3

59. Ec 205-538-1

60. Schembl16336

61. Dtxsid9020906

62. Akos027257231

63. Sodium 2-amino-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoate

64. G0188

65. J-007661

2.3 Create Date
2008-02-05
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 169.11 g/mol
Molecular Formula C5H8NNaO4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count5
Rotatable Bond Count4
Exact Mass169.03510202 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass169.03510202 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area103 Ų
Heavy Atom Count11
Formal Charge0
Complexity149
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count1
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count2
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Therapeutic Uses

One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor. Medically it has been used to reduce blood ammonia levels in ammoniacal azotemia, therapy of hepatic coma, in psychosis, and mental retardation.

National Library of Medicine - Medical Subject Headings (2007)


4.2 Drug Warning

The large doses of sodium glutamate required for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy may result in dangerous alkalosis and hypokalemia ... important to keep close control on the electrolyte balance during therapy.

Reynolds, J.E.F., Prasad, A.B. (eds.) Martindale-The Extra Pharmacopoeia. 28th ed. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1982., p. 59


Injections of sodium glutamate should be given with caution to patients with hepatic cirrhosis, impaired renal function, or liver disease not associated with hyperammonemia.

Reynolds, J.E.F., Prasad, A.B. (eds.) Martindale-The Extra Pharmacopoeia. 28th ed. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1982., p. 59


Food and Environmental Agents: Effect on Breast-Feeding: Monosodium glutamate: None. /from Table 7/

Report of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs in Pediatrics 93 (1): 142 (1994)


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Flavoring Agents

Substances added to foods and medicine to improve the taste. (See all compounds classified as Flavoring Agents.)


5.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Glutamate is absorbed from the gut by an active transport system specific for amino acids. This process is saturable, can be competitively inhibited, and is dependent on sodium ion concentration... . During intestinal absorption, a large proportion of glutamic acid is transaminated and consequently alanine levels in portal blood are elevated. If large amounts of glutamate are ingested, portal glutamate levels increase ... . This elevation results in increased hepatic metabolism of glutamate, leading to release of glucose, lactate, glutamine, and other amino acids, into systemic circulation ... . The pharmacokinetics of glutamate depend on whether it is free or incorporated into protein, and on the presence of other food components. Digestion of protein in the intestinal lumen and at the brush border produces a mixture of small peptides and amino acids; di-and tri-peptides may enter the absorptive cells where intracellular hydrolysis may occur, liberating further amino acids. Defects are known in both amino acid and peptide transport ... .. Glutamic acid in dietary protein, together with endogenous protein secreted into the gut, is digested to free amino acids and small peptides, both of which are absorbed into mucosal cells where peptides are hydrolyzed to free amino acids and some of the glutamate is metabolized. Excess glutamate and other amino acids appear in portal blood. As a consequence of the rapid metabolism of glutamate in intestinal mucosal cells and in the liver, systemic plasma levels are low, even after ingestion of large amounts of dietary protein. /Glutamic acid/

WHO Food Additive Series 22; L-Glutamic Acid and its Ammonium, Calcium, Monosodium and Potassium Salts. Available from, as of March 20, 2007: https://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je12.htm


... Intestinal and hepatic metabolism results in elevation of levels in systemic circulation only after extremely high doses given by gavage (>30mg/kg body weight). Ingestion of monosodium glutamate (MSG) was not associated with elevated levels in maternal milk, and glutamate did not readily pass the placental barrier. Human infants metabolized glutamate similarly to adults.

PMID:10736380 Walker R and Lupien JR; J Nutr 130 (4S Suppl): 1049S-52S (2000)


Oral administration of pharmacologically high doses of glutamate results in elevated plasma levels. The peak plasma glutamate levels are both dose and concentration dependent ... . When the same dose (1 g/kg b.w.) of monosodium glutamate (MSG) was administered by gavage in aqueous solution to neonatal rats, increasing the concentration from 2% to 10% caused a five-fold increase in the plasma area under curve; similar results were observed in mice ... . Conversely, when MSG (1.5 g/kg b.w.) was administered to 43-day-old mice by gavage at varying concentrations of 2 to 20% w/v, no correlation could be established between plasma levels and concentration ...

WHO Food Additive Series 22; L-Glutamic Acid and its Ammonium, Calcium, Monosodium and Potassium Salts. Available from, as of March 20, 2007: https://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je12.htm


Administration of a standard dose of 1 g/kg b.w. MSG by gavage as a 10% w/v solution resulted in a marked increase of plasma glutamate in all species studied. Peak plasma glutamate levels were lowest in adult monkeys (6 times fasting levels) and highest in mice (12-35 times fasting levels). Age-related differences between neonates and adults were observed; in mice and rats, peak plasma levels and area under curve were higher in infants than in adults while in guinea pigs the converse was observed.

WHO Food Additive Series 22; L-Glutamic Acid and its Ammonium, Calcium, Monosodium and Potassium Salts. Available from, as of March 20, 2007: https://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je12.htm


For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


5.3 Metabolism/Metabolites

Glutamic acid is metabolized in the tissues by oxidative deamination ... or by transamination with pyruvate to yield oxaloacetic acid ... which, via alpha-ketoglutarate, enters the citric acid cycle ... .. Quantitatively minor but physiologically important pathways of glutamate metabolism involve decarboxylation to gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) and amidation to glutamine ... . Decarboxylation to GABA is dependent on pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme of glutamic acid decarboxylase ..., as is glutamate transaminase. Vitamin B6-deficient rats have elevated serum glutamate levels and delayed glutamate clearance ... . /Glutamic acid/

WHO Food Additive Series 22; L-Glutamic Acid and its Ammonium, Calcium, Monosodium and Potassium Salts. Available from, as of March 20, 2007: https://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je12.htm


Oral dose of 1 g/kg monosodium glutamate given to rats was followed by only a small rise in plasma pyroglutamate levels. No incr of pyroglutamate or glutamate brain levels was observed under these conditions.

PMID:7080082 CACCIA S ET AL; TOXICOL LETT 10 (2-3): 169 (1982)


5.4 Mechanism of Action

L-Glutamate and GABA supposedly act as excitatory and inhibitory transmitters, respectively, in the central nervous system. Glutamate is also involved in the synthesis of proteins. /Glutamate/

WHO Food Additive Series 22; L-Glutamic Acid and its Ammonium, Calcium, Monosodium and Potassium Salts. Available from, as of March 20, 2007: https://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v22je12.htm


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ABOUT THIS PAGE

Looking for 142-47-2 / Sodium Glutamate API manufacturers, exporters & distributors?

Sodium Glutamate manufacturers, exporters & distributors 1

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PharmaCompass offers a list of Sodium Glutamate API manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by GMP, USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, Price,and more, enabling you to easily find the right Sodium Glutamate manufacturer or Sodium Glutamate supplier for your needs.

Send us enquiries for free, and we will assist you in establishing a direct connection with your preferred Sodium Glutamate manufacturer or Sodium Glutamate supplier.

PharmaCompass also assists you with knowing the Sodium Glutamate API Price utilized in the formulation of products. Sodium Glutamate API Price is not always fixed or binding as the Sodium Glutamate Price is obtained through a variety of data sources. The Sodium Glutamate Price can also vary due to multiple factors, including market conditions, regulatory modifications, or negotiated pricing deals.

API | Excipient name

Sodium Glutamate

Synonyms

142-47-2, Sodium l-glutamate, Ajinomoto, Glutacyl, L-glutamic acid, monosodium salt, Monosodium l-glutamate

Cas Number

142-47-2

About Sodium Glutamate

One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.

Sodium Glutamate Manufacturers

A Sodium Glutamate manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Sodium Glutamate, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Sodium Glutamate manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Sodium Glutamate API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.

Sodium Glutamate Suppliers

A Sodium Glutamate supplier is an individual or a company that provides Sodium Glutamate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Sodium Glutamate finished formulations upon request. The Sodium Glutamate suppliers may include Sodium Glutamate API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.

click here to find a list of Sodium Glutamate suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.

Sodium Glutamate USDMF

A Sodium Glutamate DMF (Drug Master File) is a document detailing the whole manufacturing process of Sodium Glutamate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in detail. Different forms of Sodium Glutamate DMFs exist exist since differing nations have different regulations, such as Sodium Glutamate USDMF, ASMF (EDMF), JDMF, CDMF, etc.

A Sodium Glutamate DMF submitted to regulatory agencies in the US is known as a USDMF. Sodium Glutamate USDMF includes data on Sodium Glutamate's chemical properties, information on the facilities and procedures used, and details about packaging and storage. The Sodium Glutamate USDMF is kept confidential to protect the manufacturer’s intellectual property.

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Sodium Glutamate GMP

Sodium Glutamate Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.

GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).

PharmaCompass offers a list of Sodium Glutamate GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Sodium Glutamate GMP manufacturer or Sodium Glutamate GMP API supplier for your needs.

Sodium Glutamate CoA

A Sodium Glutamate CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Sodium Glutamate's compliance with Sodium Glutamate specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.

Sodium Glutamate CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Sodium Glutamate CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.

Sodium Glutamate may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Sodium Glutamate EP), Sodium Glutamate JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Sodium Glutamate USP).

Inform the supplier about your product requirements, specifying if you need a product with particular monograph like EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or any other quality. In addition, clarify whether you need hydrochloride (HCl), anhydricum, base, micronisatum or a specific level of purity. To find reputable suppliers, utilize the filters and select those certified by GMP, FDA, or any other certification as per your requirement.
For your convenience, we have listed synonyms and CAS numbers to help you find the best supplier. The use of synonyms and CAS numbers can be helpful in identifying potential suppliers, but it is crucial to note that they might not always indicate the exact same product. It is important to confirm the product details with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your requirements.
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