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Prestwick3_000348
Also known as: 113-59-7, Taractan, Truxal, Clorprotixeno, Chlorprothixen, Chlorprotixen
Molecular Formula
C18H18ClNS
Molecular Weight
315.9  g/mol
InChI Key
WSPOMRSOLSGNFJ-AUWJEWJLSA-N
FDA UNII
9S7OD60EWP

A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.
1 2D Structure

Prestwick3_000348

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
(3Z)-3-(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-ylidene)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C18H18ClNS/c1-20(2)11-5-7-14-15-6-3-4-8-17(15)21-18-10-9-13(19)12-16(14)18/h3-4,6-10,12H,5,11H2,1-2H3/b14-7-
2.1.3 InChI Key
WSPOMRSOLSGNFJ-AUWJEWJLSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CN(C)CCC=C1C2=CC=CC=C2SC3=C1C=C(C=C3)Cl
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
CN(C)CC/C=C\1/C2=CC=CC=C2SC3=C1C=C(C=C3)Cl
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
9S7OD60EWP
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Chlorprotixen

2. Taractan

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 113-59-7

2. Taractan

3. Truxal

4. Clorprotixeno

5. Chlorprothixen

6. Chlorprotixen

7. Chlorprotixene

8. Chlothixen

9. Iaractan

10. Rentovet

11. Traquilan

12. Vetacalm

13. Trictal

14. Truxil

15. Chlorprothixenum

16. Paxyl

17. Tardan

18. N-714

19. (z)-chlorprothixene

20. Ro 4-0403

21. Mk 184

22. N 714c

23. Truxaletten

24. Cis-2-chloro-9-(3-dimethylaminopropylidene)thioxanthene

25. Ro-4-0403

26. (z)-2-chloro-9-(omega-dimethylaminopropylidene)thioxanthene

27. (z)-3-(2-chloro-9h-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine

28. N 714

29. Nsc-18720

30. Chembl908

31. 9s7od60ewp

32. (3z)-3-(2-chloro-9h-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine

33. Tactaran

34. Chebi:50931

35. (3z)-3-(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine

36. Nsc18720

37. Ro-40403

38. Clorprotisene

39. N-714ro 4-0403

40. Clorprotisene [dcit]

41. Cloxan

42. 1-propanamine, 3-(2-chloro-9h-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethyl-, (z)-

43. {3-[(9z)-2-chloro-9h-thioxanthen-9-ylidene]propyl}dimethylamine

44. .alpha.-chlorprothixene

45. Clorprotixeno [inn-spanish]

46. Taractan (tn)

47. Chlorprothixenum [inn-latin]

48. Unii-9s7od60ewp

49. Hsdb 2808

50. Chlorprothixene (jan/usan/inn)

51. Einecs 204-032-8

52. Chlorprothixene,(s)

53. Nsc 18720

54. Nsc56379

55. Chlorprothixene [usan:usp:inn:ban:jan]

56. Prestwick2_000348

57. (z)-2-chloro-n,n-dimethylthioxanthene-delta(sup 9,gamma)-propylamine

58. Chlorprothixene [mi]

59. Schembl94235

60. Schembl94236

61. Chlorprothixene [inn]

62. Chlorprothixene [jan]

63. Mls000768404

64. Chlorprothixene [hsdb]

65. Chlorprothixene [usan]

66. Chlorprothixene [vandf]

67. 2-chloro-9-[3-(dimethylamino)propylidene]thioxanthene

68. Zinc1137

69. Chlorprothixene [mart.]

70. Chlorprothixene [who-dd]

71. Dtxsid4022810

72. Gtpl11976

73. 2-chloro-n, .gamma.-propylamine

74. 2-chloro-9-[.omega.-(dimethylamino)propylidene]thioxanthene

75. Hms2788n19

76. Hms3884c10

77. {3-[2-chloro-thioxanthen-(9z)-ylidene]-propyl}-dimethyl-amine

78. 1-propanamine,n-dimethyl-, (z)-

79. Hy-b0274

80. Bdbm50240514

81. Ccg-36988

82. Chlorprothixene [orange Book]

83. Mfcd00869180

84. Pdsp1_001124

85. Pdsp2_001108

86. S1771

87. Stk545163

88. 1-propanamine, 3-(2-chloro-9h-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethyl-, (3z)-

89. Akos005065593

90. Db01239

91. Ks-5102

92. Ncgc00166133-01

93. Smr000431796

94. (z)-2-chloro-n,(sup.gamma.)-propylamine

95. A8398

96. C3505

97. Chlorprothixene 100 Microg/ml In Acetonitrile

98. C07953

99. D00790

100. Wln: T C666 Bs Iyj Fg Iu3n1 & 1

101. 113c597

102. J-002997

103. Brd-k36207157-001-09-6

104. Brd-k81091703-003-01-0

105. Q63395672

106. Thioxanthene-.delta.(sup 9), 2-chloro-n,n-dimethyl-

107. (z)-2-chloro-9-(3-dimethylaminopropylidene)thioxanthene

108. Thioxanthene-.delta.9, 2-chloro-n,n-dimethyl-, (z)-

109. (.alpha.-2-chloro-9-.omega.-dimethylamino-propylamine)thioxanthene

110. (3z)-3-(2-chlorothioxanthen-9-ylidene)-n,n-dimethyl-propan-1-amine

111. Thioxanthene-delta(sup 9),gamma-propylamine, 2-chloro-n,n-dimethyl-, (z)-

112. Thioxanthene-delta9,gamma-propylamine, 2-chloro-n,n-dimethyl-, (z)-

113. (z)-2-chloro-n,n-dimethylthioxanthene-.delta.(sup 9,.gamma.)-propylamine

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-25
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 315.9 g/mol
Molecular Formula C18H18ClNS
XLogP35.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count3
Exact Mass315.0848484 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass315.0848484 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area28.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count21
Formal Charge0
Complexity381
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count1
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Therapeutic Uses

Antipsychotic Agents; Dopamine Antagonists

National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)


IT MAY BE OF VALUE IN THE SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF AGITATED STATES ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROSES, DEPRESSION OR SCHIZOPHRENIA. DRUG APPEARS TO BE MORE EFFECTIVE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE SCHIZOPHRENIA THAN OF CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


...IT HAS BEEN USED IN THE TREATMENT OF...PSYCHOTIC & SEVERE NEUROTIC CONDITIONS IN WHICH ANXIETY, AGITATION, AND TENSION PREDOMINATE.

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 1023


.../IT/ MAY BE USED TO POTENTIATE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS & CONCOMITANTLY WITH ANTICONVULSANTS &/OR ELECTROSHOCK TREATMENT.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


Indicated for management of primary and secondary symptoms of psychotic disorders. /Thioxanthenes; Included in US product labeling/

USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 17th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: Convention, Inc., 1997. (Plus Updates)., p. 2844


4.2 Drug Warning

CHLORPROTHIXENE IS CONTRAINDICATED IN PATIENTS WHO ARE HYPERSENSITIVE TO THE DRUG; THE POSSIBILITY OF CROSS-SENSITIVITY TO PHENOTHIAZINES & TO THIOTHIXENE MUST BE BORNE IN MIND.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


CHLORPROTHIXENE IS CONTRAINDICATED IN PATIENTS WITH CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE & IN THOSE WITH CONGESTIVE FAILURE, CARDIAC DECOMPENSATION, CORONARY ARTERY, OR CEREBRAL VASCULAR DISORDERS.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


CHLORPROTHIXENE IS CONTRAINDICATED IN COMATOSE STATES, PARTICULARLY THOSE INDUCED BY CNS DEPRESSANT DRUGS.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


WHEN CHLORPROTHIXENE IS USED CONCOMITANTLY WITH OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS, CAUTION MUST BE OBSERVED TO AVOID OVERDOSAGE...

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for CHLORPROTHIXENE (27 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.3 Minimum/Potential Fatal Human Dose

4(?). 4= VERY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 50-500 MG/KG; BETWEEN 1 TEASPOON AND 1 OUNCE FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB).

Gosselin, R.E., H.C. Hodge, R.P. Smith, and M.N. Gleason. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1976., p. II-221


4.4 Drug Indication

For treatment of psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and of acute mania occuring as part of bipolar disorders.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Chlorprothixene is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthine class. It has a low antipsychotic potency (half to 2/3 of chlorpromazine). Chlorprothixene has not thoroughly demonstrated an antidepressant or analgesic effect but it has demonstrated antiemetic effects. It is used in the treatment of nervous, mental, and emotional conditions. Improvement in such conditions is thought to result from the effect of the medicine on nerve pathways in specific areas of the brain. Chlorprothixene has a similar side effect profile to chlorpromazine, though allergic side effects and liver damage are less frequent.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Antipsychotic Agents

Agents that control agitated psychotic behavior, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in SCHIZOPHRENIA; senile dementia; transient psychosis following surgery; or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus. (See all compounds classified as Antipsychotic Agents.)


Dopamine Antagonists

Drugs that bind to but do not activate DOPAMINE RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of dopamine or exogenous agonists. Many drugs used in the treatment of psychotic disorders (ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) are dopamine antagonists, although their therapeutic effects may be due to long-term adjustments of the brain rather than to the acute effects of blocking dopamine receptors. Dopamine antagonists have been used for several other clinical purposes including as ANTIEMETICS, in the treatment of Tourette syndrome, and for hiccup. Dopamine receptor blockade is associated with NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME. (See all compounds classified as Dopamine Antagonists.)


5.3 ATC Code

N - Nervous system

N05 - Psycholeptics

N05A - Antipsychotics

N05AF - Thioxanthene derivatives

N05AF03 - Chlorprothixene


5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Incomplete bioavailability.


.../IT/ IS PARTIALLY ABSORBED FROM THE GI TRACT. FOLLOWING IM ADMIN, THE DRUG EXERTS ITS EFFECTS WITHIN 10-30 MINUTES. IT IS METABOLIZED, PRESUMABLY IN THE LIVER...FREE CHLORPROTHIXENE & ITS SULFOXIDE METABOLITE ARE EXCRETED IN THE URINE & FECES.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


TRICYCLIC AGENT, CHLORPROTHIXENE, IS...EXTENSIVELY DISTRIBUTED IN BODY & HAS OVERALL DISTRIBUTION VOL IN MAN APPROACHING 1000 L...

The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 4: A Review of the Literature Published during 1974 and 1975. London: The Chemical Society, 1977., p. 11


AFTER IV ADMIN PHARMACOKINETICS FOLLOWED 2 COMPARTMENT MODEL. ...TOTAL VOL OF DISTRIBUTION WAS VERY LARGE. AFTER ORAL ADMIN (15 MG) BIOAVAILABILITY WAS POOR, ALTHOUGH ABSORPTION OF CMPD FROM THE GUT APPEARED TO BE GOOD.

PMID:1140253 RAAFLAUB J; EXPERIENTIA 31 (5): 557 (1975)


METABOLISM OCCURRED MORE RAPIDLY WITH INCR AGE FROM 3-24 WK IN RATS. LEVELS OF CHLORPROTHIXENE, N-DEMETHYLCHLORPROTHIXENE & TOTAL AMINES IN BRAIN, LIVER, KIDNEYS & LUNG OF 3-WK OLD RATS WERE ABOUT TWICE THOSE IN 6-WK OLD RATS. AMT IN ORGANS WERE HIGHER IN FEMALES THAN IN MALES.

DELL ET AL; ARZNEIM-FORSCH 26 (6): 1098 (1976)


After 1 hour intravenous chlorprothixene infusion, the maximum serum concentration of chlorprothixene was 430 ng/ml, which subsequently decreased with a terminal elimination half-life of 25.8 hours. The total serum clearance and the apparent volume of distribution at steady state were 867 ml/min and 1035 l, respectively. ... Chlorprothixene bioavailability relative to the oral soution was 56.45 with the coated tablet and 67.7% with the suspension. All pharmacokinetic parameterws showed wide inter-subject varioations.

Bagli M et al; Arzneim Forsch 46 (3): 247-50 (1996)


5.5 Metabolism/Metabolites

Hepatic


UNCHANGED CHLORPROTHIXENE, THE SULFOXIDE DERIVATIVE & N-DEMETHYL SULFOXIDE HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN THE URINE OF TREATED DOGS & RATS. HYDROXYLATION & GLUCURONIDATION ALSO OCCUR IN DOGS, BUT IDENTIFICATION OF THOSE BIOTRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS HAS NOT BEEN ACCOMPLISHED.

The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 1: A Review of the Literature Published Between 1960 and 1969. London: The Chemical Society, 1970., p. 166


YIELDS DEMETHYLCHLORPROTHIXENE IN RAT. /FROM TABLE/

Goodwin, B.L. Handbook of Intermediary Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds. New York: Wiley, 1976., p. C-46


FOLLOWING ORAL ADMIN TO DOG & PSYCHIATRIC PT SEVERAL 3-, 7-, 4-, 6-, & 8-HYDROXYLATED METABOLITES FOUND IN URINE & FECES. HYDROXYLATION WAS FOLLOWED BY CONJUGATION WITH GLUCURONIC &/OR SULFURIC ACID FOR EXCRETION.

WIEST ET AL; DEV NEUROSCI (AMSTERDAM) 7, ISS PHENOTHIAZINES STRUCT RELAT DRUGS: BASIC CLIN STUD 177 (1980)


DRUG ADMIN TO RATS BY GAVAGE AT 100 MG/KG WAS METABOLIZED MORE RAPIDLY WITH INCR AGE FROM 3-24 WK.

DELL ET AL; ARZNEIM-FORSCH 26 (6): 1098 (1976)


5.6 Biological Half-Life

8 to 12 hours


AFTER IV ADMIN PHARMACOKINETICS FOLLOWED 2 COMPARTMENT MODEL. T/2 IN SECOND PHASE OF ELIMINATION WAS 5-12 HR...

PMID:1140253 RAAFLAUB J; EXPERIENTIA 31 (5): 557 (1975)


TRICYCLIC AGENT, CHLORPROTHIXENE, ...HAS...BIOLOGICAL T/2 OF 8-12 HR.

The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 4: A Review of the Literature Published during 1974 and 1975. London: The Chemical Society, 1977., p. 11


5.7 Mechanism of Action

Chlorprothixene blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors in the brain; depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones and is believed to depress the reticular activating system thus affecting basal metabolism, body temperature, wakefulness, vasomotor tone, and emesis.


...IT CAN BE EXPECTED TO DEPRESS THE CNS AT THE SUBCORTICAL LEVEL OF THE BRAIN, THE MIDBRAIN, & THE BRAIN STEM RETICULAR FORMATION.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


.../IT/ IS MORE ACTIVE THAN CHLORPROMAZINE IN INHIBITING POSTURAL REFLEXES & MOTOR COORDINATION & LESS ACTIVE IN ANTIHISTAMINIC EFFECTS. CHLORPROTHIXENE POSSESSES SEDATIVE, ADRENOLYTIC, HYPOTHERMIC, ANTICHOLINERGIC, & ANTIEMETIC PROPERTIES.

American Hospital Formulary Service. Volumes I and II. Washington, DC: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, to 1984., p. 28:16


Thioxanthenes are thought to benefit psychotic conditions by blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the brain. They also produce an alpha-adrenergic blocking effect and depress the release of most hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. However, the concentration of prolactin is increased due to blockade of prolactin inhibitory factor (PIF), which inhibits the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland. /Thioxanthenes/

USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 17th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: Convention, Inc., 1997. (Plus Updates)., p. 2844


Chlorprothixene also inhibits the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone to produce an antiemetic effect, and is also thought to cause an indirect reduction of stimuli to the brain stem reticular system to produce a sedative effect.

USP Convention. USPDI - Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 17th ed. Volume I. Rockville, MD: Convention, Inc., 1997. (Plus Updates)., p. 2844


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