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1. Kbr
1. 7758-02-3
2. Bromide Salt Of Potassium
3. Potassium Bromide (kbr)
4. Potassiumbromide
5. Potassium;bromide
6. Kali Bromatum
7. Nsc 77367
8. Mfcd00011358
9. Nsc-77367
10. Osd78555zm
11. Kbr
12. Chembl1644030
13. Chebi:32030
14. Potassium Bromide, Ultra Dry
15. Bromure De Potassium
16. Kalii Bromidum
17. Caswell No. 684
18. Tripotassium Tribromide
19. Potassium Bromide [jan]
20. Potassium Bromide (k3br3)
21. Kaliumbromid
22. Psorizide Forte
23. Psorizide Ultra
24. Ccris 6095
25. Hsdb 5044
26. Einecs 231-830-3
27. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 013903
28. Potassium Bromide (tn)
29. Unii-osd78555zm
30. Kali Bromatum [hpus]
31. Potassium Bromide Acs Reagent
32. Potassium Bromide [usp:jan]
33. Potassium Bromide [mi]
34. Potassium Bromide, Ftir Grade
35. Potassium Bromide, Spectroscopy
36. Dtxsid5025946
37. Potassium Bromide (jp17/usp)
38. Potassium Bromide [hsdb]
39. Potassium Bromide [inci]
40. Potassium Bromide [mart.]
41. Potassium Bromide, Lr, >=99%
42. Potassium Bromide [who-dd]
43. Bcp21085
44. Nsc77367
45. Potassium Bromide, P.a., 99.0%
46. Br1193
47. Potassium Bromide, Ar, >=99.5%
48. Potassium Bromide, Spectroscopy Grade
49. Akos015950615
50. Akos024437429
51. Potassium Bromide [ep Monograph]
52. Potassium Bromide, Bioxtra, >=99.0%
53. Potassium Bromide, Bp, Ph. Eur. Grade
54. Potassium Bromide [usp Monograph]
55. Potassium Bromide, Acs Reagent, >=99.0%
56. Potassium Bromide, Usp, 98.0-100.5%
57. Ft-0645099
58. P1747
59. Q2546
60. D01731
61. Ec 231-830-3
62. Potassium Bromide, 99.99% Trace Metals Basis
63. Potassium Bromide, Bioultra, >=99.5% (at)
64. Potassium Bromide, Reagentplus(r), >=99.0%
65. Potassium Bromide, Trace Metals Grade 99.99%
66. Potassium Bromide, Vetec(tm) Reagent Grade, 99%
67. Potassium Bromide, Jis Special Grade, 99.0-100.2%
68. Potassium Bromide, Saj First Grade, 99.0-101.0%
69. Potassium Bromide, Ft-ir Grade, >=99% Trace Metals Basis
70. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 13mm X 2mm, Unpolished
71. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 25mm X 5mm, Unpolished
72. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 32mm X 3mm, Unpolished
73. Potassium Bromide, Puriss. P.a., Acs Reagent, >=99.5% (at)
74. Potassium Bromide, Anhydrous, Powder, 99.95% Trace Metals Basis
75. Potassium Bromide, Anhydrous, Powder, 99.999% Trace Metals Basis
76. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 13mm X 1mm, Polished Both Sides
77. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 13mm X 2mm, Polished Both Sides
78. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 22mm X 4mm, Polished Both Sides
79. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 25mm X 2mm, Polished Both Sides
80. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 25mm X 4mm, Polished Both Sides
81. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 32mm X 3mm, Polished Both Sides
82. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 38mm X 6mm, Polished Both Sides
83. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 30mm X 15mm X 4mm, Unpolished
84. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 41mm X 23mm X 6mm, Unpolished
85. Potassium Bromide, Anhydrous, Beads, -10 Mesh, >=99.9% Trace Metals Basis
86. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Disc, 32mm X 3mm (drilled), Polished Both Sides
87. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 30mm X 15mm X 4mm, Polished Both Sides
88. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 38.5mm X 19.5mm X 4mm, Polished Both Sides
89. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 38.5mm X 19.5mm X 4mm, Unpolished
90. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 41mm X 23mm X 6mm (drilled), Polished Both Sides
91. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 41mm X 23mm X 6mm, Polished Both Sides
92. Potassium Bromide, Anhydrous, Free-flowing, Redi-dri(tm), Acs Reagent, >=99%
93. Potassium Bromide, Anhydrous, Free-flowing, Redi-dri(tm), Reagentplus(r), >=99%
94. Bromide Standard Concentrate 10.00 Gr Br-, Analytical Standard, 10.00 G/l, For 1 L Standard Solution
95. Potassium Bromide Crystal Optic Rectangle, 38.5mm X 19.5mm X 4mm (drilled), Polished Both Sides
96. Potassium Bromide, Puriss., Meets Analytical Specification Of Ph. Eur., Bp, Usp, 99.5-100.5%
| Molecular Weight | 119.00 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | BrK |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 1 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 117.88204 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 117.88204 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 2 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 2 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 2 |
/EXPL THER/ A seminal study recently demonstrated that bromide (Br-) has a critical function in the assembly of type IV collagen in basement membrane (BM), and suggested that Br- supplementation has therapeutic potential for BM diseases. Because salts of bromide (KBr and NaBr) have been used as antiepileptic drugs for several decades, repositioning of Br- for BM diseases is probable. However, the effects of Br- on glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease such as Alport syndrome (AS) and its impact on the kidney are still unknown. In this study, we administered daily for 16 weeks 75 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg (within clinical dosage) NaBr or NaCl (control) via drinking water to 6-week-old AS mice (mouse model of X-linked AS). Treatment with 75 mg/kg NaBr had no effect on AS progression. Surprisingly, compared with 250 mg/kg NaCl, 250 mg/kg NaBr exacerbated the progressive proteinuria and increased the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in AS mice. Histological analysis revealed that glomerular injury, renal inflammation and fibrosis were exacerbated in mice treated with 250 mg/kg NaBr compared with NaCl. The expressions of renal injury markers (Lcn2, Lysozyme), matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp-12), pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-6, Il-8, Tnf-a, Il-1beta) and pro-fibrotic genes (Tgf-beta, Col1a1, a-Sma) were also exacerbated by 250 mg/kg NaBr treatment. Notably, the exacerbating effects of Br- were not observed in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that Br- supplementation needs to be carefully evaluated for real positive health benefits and for the absence of adverse side effects especially in GBM diseases such as AS. /Sodium bromide/
PMID:28873450 Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5584969 Yokota T et al; PLoS One 12 (9): e0183959 (2017)
/EXPL THER/ Potassium bromide was tried for two children with daily convulsive focal motor seizures with unconsciousness and focal motor seizure status. The treatment resulted in complete cessation of the attacks. It has been reported that bromide is effective for generalized tonic-clonic seizures and not for complex partial seizures, such as convulsive focal motor seizures with unconsciousness. However,/the authors'/ experiences provides evidence that bromide is one of the useful therapeutic agents for intractable symptomatic localization-related epilepsy.
PMID:11934520 Takayanagi M et al; Brain Dev 24 (3): 194-6 (2002)
/EXPL THER/ A 3-month-old male and a 4-month-old female infant with intractable seizures were diagnosed as having malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy (MMPSI) with developmental arrest on the basis of characteristics of symptoms, clinical courses and EEGs. We treated these two patients with potassium bromide (80 mg/kg) after conventional antiepileptic drugs failed to adequately control the seizures. The potassium bromide therapy resulted in complete control of seizures in one patient, and more than 95% reduction in seizure frequency in the other.
PMID:10761836 Okuda K et al; Brain Dev 22 (1): 56-9 (2000)
/EXPL THER/ BACKGROUND: Topical over-the-counter remedies exist to aid in the control of seborrheic dermatitis and chronic dandruff on a superficial level. Low-dose systemic oral nickel and bromide therapy has shown promise in providing improvement and eventual clearing of the disease. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the effect of an orally administered low-dose, homeopathic mineral therapy (Potassium bromide 1X, Sodium bromide 2X, Nickel sulfate 3X, Sodium chloride 6X) on seborrheic dermatitis and chronic dandruff. METHODS: Forty-one patients with seborrheic dermatitis and/or chronic dandruff were assigned to one of two treatment groups: Active (containing the medication) or placebo (vehicle). Study medication was administered in a placebo-controlled, randomly-selected, double-blind study for 10 weeks. At the end of 10 weeks all patients crossed over to the active medication, under a different label for an additional 10 weeks in an open study format. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients completed the 10-week blinded portion of the study. After 10 weeks of treatment, the disease state of the active patients improved significantly over that of the placebo patients (p<0.04). The placebo patients' condition before and after crossover to active treatment was also evaluated, showing significant improvement (p<0.01) 10 weeks after crossing over to active medication. CONCLUSION: Oral therapy using a low-dose homeopathic preparation combining Potassium bromide 1X, Sodium bromide 2X, Nickel sulfate 3X, and Sodium chloride 6X, provides significant improvement in seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff after 10 weeks of dosing.
PMID:11896746 Smith SA et al; Altern Med Rev 7 (1): 59-67 (2002)
For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for Potassium bromide (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Thirty-six children with epilepsy resistant to conventional treatment were treated with bromides in addition to the current therapy. Six out of 19 cases with prevailingly or exclusively generalized tonic-clonic seizures became seizure-free and in 9 cases a reduction in seizure frequency of more than 50% was achieved. Freedom from seizures could not be obtained in 13 cases, who had frequent minor seizures in addition to generalized tonic-clonic seizures. In some, minor seizures were even activated. Tonic and focal seizures showed no response. Side effects were observed in one-third of the cases (acne, loss of appetite, loss of weight, fatigue) but in no case they did become intolerable. Fifty to 80 mg potassium bromide per kg body weight seems to be an effective daily dose range. There is a preferential indication of bromides for patients suffering from early onset epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and/or alternating hemi-grand mal, for whom other treatment is ineffective. This disorder is characterized by a high familial incidence of epileptic seizures, onset between 6 months and 3 years of age, normal development until the onset of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and often alternating hemi-grand mal, seizure precipitation by fever, and occasional combination with or transition to myoclonic-astatic and/or myoclonic seizures. EEG is often normal or shows slight slowing in the initial phase; later it shows theta rhythms and generalized spikes and waves. Especially, if the onset is during the first year of life, the course of the epilepsy is often unfavorable.
PMID:3218712 Ernst JP et al; Brain Dev 10 (6): 385-8 (1988)
VET: This medication should be used cautiously in older animals as they will be more susceptible to adverse effects. This medication is not indicated for use in cats.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for K-Brovet 250 (Potassium Bromide Tablet, Chewable) (Updated: December 27, 2017). Available from, as of January 16, 2019: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a2462704-1d66-4d53-8ecd-22f72439cdb6
VET: Dogs may experience drowsiness when taking, but this will generally go away after approximately 3 weeks. Increased hunger, thirst, urination, vomiting, constipation, anorexia, and uncoordinated movements may occur. During the load in dose increased nausea may be experienced.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for K-Brovet 250 (Potassium Bromide Tablet, Chewable) (Updated: December 27, 2017). Available from, as of January 16, 2019: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a2462704-1d66-4d53-8ecd-22f72439cdb6
VET: Personality changes have been occasionally reported in dogs on bromide, including attention seeking, irritability or aggression, and aimless pacing.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for K-Brovet 250 (Potassium Bromide Tablet, Chewable) (Updated: December 27, 2017). Available from, as of January 16, 2019: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a2462704-1d66-4d53-8ecd-22f72439cdb6
VET: There is no information on the relative frequency of pancreatitis in dogs associated with bromide therapy alone. However, pancreatitis has been reported to be more frequent in dogs on concurrent phenobarbital and bro-mide therapy than dogs on phenobarbital alone.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for K-Brovet 250 (Potassium Bromide Tablet, Chewable) (Updated: December 27, 2017). Available from, as of January 16, 2019: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a2462704-1d66-4d53-8ecd-22f72439cdb6
OBJECTIVE: Several methods have been described to measure adherence to prescribed drug therapy. However, most of these have been shown to be inaccurate. Bromide is an anion that is readily absorbed in the gut and has an elimination half-life of about 12 days. In the present study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic properties of bromide with the objective to use it as a measure of drug adherence. METHODS: Three groups of each 8 healthy volunteers took 15, 24 or 30 mg potassium bromide, respectively, daily for 20 weeks. Serum concentrations of bromide were measured every two weeks. RESULTS: There was a linear relationship between the daily dosage taken and the mean increase of bromide concentration. In every group considerable inter-individual variability was seen. Correction for body weight resulted in an improved correlation between daily bromide dose and increase in concentration (r=0.78, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Unfortunately, the inter-individual variability in clearance of bromide was considerable. This limits the use of bromide to primarily measuring adherence in individual patients during long term follow-up. Bromide appears to be a potentially useful marker to be added to drugs for assessment of individual adherence to long term drug therapy. This needs to be investigated in various patients, particularly for patients with relatively asymptomatic diseases (e.g. hypertension).
PMID:16525815 Braam RL et al; Eur J Clin Pharmacol 62 (4): 285-90 (2006)
OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacokinetics of potassium bromide (KBr) in horses after single and multiple oral doses. ANIMALS: Twelve adult Standardbred and Thoroughbred mares. PROCEDURE: Horses were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Group 1 horses were given a single oral dose of 120 mg/kg potassium bromide. Part 2 of the study evaluated a loading dose of 120 mg/kg KBr daily by stomach tube for 5 days, followed by 40 mg/kg daily in feed for 7 days. Serum concentrations of KBr were measured to construct concentration versus time curves and to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. Treated horses were monitored twice daily by clinical examination. Serum concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride ions and partial pressures of venous blood gases were determined. RESULTS: Maximum mean serum concentration following a single dose of KBr (120 mg/kg) was 423 +/- 22 ug/mL and the mean elimination half-life was 75 +/- 14 hr. Repeated administration of a loading dose of KBr (120 mg/kg once daily for 5 day) gave a maximum serum concentration 1639 +/- 156 ug/mL. The administration of lower, maintenance doses (40 mg/kg once daily) was associated with decreased serum bromide concentrations, which plateaued at approximately 1000 ug/mL. Administration of KBr was associated with significant but transient changes in serum potassium and sodium concentrations, and possible changes in base excess and plasma bicarbonate concentrations. High serum concentrations of bromide were associated with an apparent increase in serum chloride concentrations, when measured on an ion specific electrode. CONCLUSIONS: and clinical relevance Loading doses of 120 mg/kg daily over 5 days and maintenance doses of approximately 90 mg/kg of KBr administered once daily resulted in serum bromide concentrations consistent with therapeutic efficacy for the management of seizures in other species. The clinical efficacy of this agent as an anticonvulsant medication and/or calmative in horses warrants further investigation.
PMID:16035184 Raidal SL et al; Aust Vet J 83 (7): 425-30 (2005)
OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacokinetics of bromide in sheep after single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) doses. PROCEDURE: Sixteen Merino sheep were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and given 120 mg/kg bromide, as sodium bromide IV or potassium bromide PO. Serum bromide concentrations were determined by colorimetric spectrophotometry. RESULTS: After IV administration the maximum concentration (Cmax) was 822.11 +/- 93.61 mg/L, volume of distribution (Vd ) was 0.286 +/- 0.031 L/kg and the clearance (Cl) was 0.836 +/- 0.255 mL/hr/kg. After PO administration the Cmax was 453.86 +/- 43.37 mg/L and the time of maximum concentration (Tmax ) was 108 +/- 125 hr. The terminal half-life of bromide after IV and PO administration was 387.93 +/- 115.35 hr and 346.72 +/- 94.05 hr, respectively. The oral bioavailability (F) of bromide was 92%. No adverse reactions were noted in either treatment group during this study. The concentration versus time profiles exhibited secondary peaks, suggestive of gastrointestinal cyclic redistribution of the drug. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When administered PO, bromide in sheep has a long half-life of approximately 14 days, with good bioavailability. Potassium bromide is a readily available, affordable salt with a long history of medical use as an anxiolytic, sedative and antiseizure therapy in other species. There are a number of husbandry activities and flock level neurological conditions, including perennial ryegrass toxicosis, in which bromide may have therapeutic or prophylactic application.
PMID:25622704 Quast TA et al; Aust Vet J 93 (1-2): 20-5 (2015)
The pharmacokinetics of a multidose regimen of potassium bromide (KBr) administration in normal dogs was examined. KBr was administered at 30 mg/kg p.o. q 12 hr for a period of 115 days. Serum, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bromide (BR) concentrations were measured at the onset of dosing, during the accumulation phase, at steady-state, and after a subsequent dose adjustment. Median elimination half-life and steady-state serum concentration were 15.2 days and 245 mg/dL, respectively. Apparent total body clearance was 16.4 mL/day/kg and volume of distribution was 0.40 L/kg. The CSF:serum BR ratio at steady-state was 0.77. Dogs showed no neurologic deficits during maintenance dosing but significant latency shifts in waves I and V of the brainstem auditory evoked response were evident. Following a subsequent dose adjustment, serum BR concentrations of approximately 400 mg/dL were associated with caudal paresis in two dogs. Estimated half-life during the accumulation phase was shorter than elimination half-lives reported in other studies and was likely related to dietary chloride content. The range of steady-state concentrations achieved suggests individual differences in clearance and bioavailability between dogs. The described protocol reliably produced serum BR concentrations that are required by many epileptic patients for satisfactory seizure control.
PMID:12485348 March PA et al; J Vet Pharmacol Ther 25 (6): 425-32 (2002)
... Sixteen Merino sheep were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and given 120 mg/kg bromide, as sodium bromide IV or potassium bromide PO. ... The terminal half-life of bromide after IV and PO administration was 387.93 +/- 115.35 hr and 346.72 +/- 94.05 hr, respectively. ...
PMID:25622704 Quast TA et al; Aust Vet J 93 (1-2): 20-5 (2015)
... Horses were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. Group 1 horses were given a single oral dose of 120 mg/kg potassium bromide. Part 2 of the study evaluated a loading dose of 120 mg/kg KBr daily by stomach tube for 5 days, followed by 40 mg/kg daily in feed for 7 days ... . Following a single dose of KBr (120 mg/kg) ... the mean elimination half-life was 75 +/- 14 hr. ...
PMID:16035184 Raidal SL et al; Aust Vet J 83 (7): 425-30 (2005)
... Potassium bromide was administered /to dogs/ at 30 mg/kg p.o. q 12 hr for a period of 115 days. ... Median elimination half-life /was/ 15.2 days ... .
PMID:12485348 March PA et al; J Vet Pharmacol Ther 25 (6): 425-32 (2002)
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