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1. 7727-37-9
2. N
3. Nitrogen Gas
4. Molecular Nitrogen
5. Dinitrogen
6. Nitrogen-14
7. Nitrogen Molecule
8. Diatomic Nitrogen
9. Nitrogen, Liquid
10. Nitrogen (n2)
11. N2
12. Ins No.941
13. Chebi:17997
14. Ins-941
15. E-941
16. N762921k75
17. Mol Nitrogen
18. Azote [french]
19. Nitrogeno [spanish]
20. Nitrogeno
21. Nitrogen [nf]
22. Nitrogen (liquified)
23. Hsdb 5060
24. Einecs 231-783-9
25. Un1066
26. Un1977
27. Unii-n762921k75
28. Nitrogen (tn)
29. Nitrogen, Elemental
30. Nitrogen, Compressed
31. Nitrogen [hsdb]
32. Nitrogen [inci]
33. Nitrogen [fcc]
34. Nitrogen [jan]
35. Nitrogen [ii]
36. Nitrogen [mi]
37. Nitrogen (jp17/nf)
38. Nitrogen [vandf]
39. Nitrogen [mart.]
40. Nitrogen [who-dd]
41. Nitrogen [green Book]
42. Nitrogen, >=99.998%
43. Nitrogen, >=99.999%
44. Chembl142438
45. Nitrogen [ep Monograph]
46. Dtxsid4036304
47. Db09152
48. Un 1066
49. Un 1977
50. E941
51. Nitrogen, Messer(r) Cangas, 99.999%
52. C00697
53. D00083
54. Nitrogen, Refrigerated Liquid (cryogenic Liquid)
55. Nitrogen, Compressed [un1066] [nonflammable Gas]
56. Q2370426
57. Nitrogen, Refrigerated Liquid (cryogenic Liquid) [un1977] [nonflammable Gas]
58. N#n
| Molecular Weight | 28.014 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | N2 |
| XLogP3 | 0.1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 28.006148008 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 28.006148008 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 47.6 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 2 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 8 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
EXP THER Liquid nitrogen in the treatment of acne vulgaris, as compared to several other topical regimens, was evaluated in 12 male and 13 female patients. During each visit bilateral counts of the various types of acne lesions were conducted. Eight of the 25 patients continued with their prior topical regimens unilaterally, plus antibiotics. All 25 patients received liquid nitrogen therapy unilaterally in a roll-on fashion. Fourteen (56%) of the 25 patients had predominantly comedopapular acne, whereas 11 (44%) had mostly papulopustular acne. There was no substantial difference in the 2 treatment regimens in managing patients with predominant comedopapular acne. Patients with predominantly pustulopapular acne, however, frequently demonstrated marked decreases in lesion counts and improved appearance after liquid nitrogen therapy. Papules remained mostly resistant to liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of pustular acne, but appears ineffective in comedo and papular acne.
Goette DK; South Med. J.; 66: 1131-1132 (1973)
Medication (Vet): Nitrogen has been used to euthanize dogs, rabbits, and mink.
Booth, N.H., L.E. McDonald (eds.). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 5th ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1982., p. 1061
Liquid nitrogen is used mainly as a cryogenic agent for the treatment of various benign and malignant skin lesions.
V - Various
V03 - All other therapeutic products
V03A - All other therapeutic products
V03AN - Medical gases
V03AN04 - Nitrogen
Absorption
For local use only, no systemic absorption.
Route of Elimination
For local use only.
Volume of Distribution
For local use only.
Clearance
For local use only.
The principal route of exposure to nitrogen is via the inhalation route. The concentration of nitrogen between inhaled and exhaled human breath is not significantly different. Also, nitrogen is only sparingly soluble in water. Therefore an insignificant amount of nitrogen is absorbed into the human body.
European Union Biocide Assessment Report: Nitrogen Product-type 18 (Insecticides) Appendix II Chap. 3, (November, 2008). Available from, as of June 8, 2010: https://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/Biocides/ANNEX_I/ASSESSMENT_REPORTS/AnnexI_AR_7727-37-9_PT18_en.pdf
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.
International Program on Chemical Safety/Commission of the European Communities; International Chemical Safety Card on Nitrogen (compressed gas) (March 1999). Available from, as of May 20, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/icsc.html
Gases and vapors known to be absorbed (or excreted) by the skin include ... Nitrogen ...
Hayes, W.J., Jr., E.R. Laws Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology Volume 1. General Principles. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991., p. 139
Normally, the blood is in equilibrium with alveolar air, which contains close to 80% nitrogen. As a result, several liters ... are in solution in body fluids and are present in body cavities.
Gilman, A. G., L. S. Goodman, and A. Gilman. (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1980., p. 325
A study was performed to obtain quantitative measures of nitrogen exchange rates in human knees using the short lived isotope nitrogen-13 (N-13) as a tracer. Nine male volunteers rebreathed a normoxic gas mixture with N-13 for 30 minutes and room air for a 1.5 hour washout period. Eight subjects were experienced deep sea divers, and one subject was a smoker. Positron detectors were used to monitor the N-13 in the knee. Data were corrected for background and decay. All but two subjects showed a marked rise in N-13 activity after the end of N-13 breathing; this rise relatively long after the end of radioactive gas inspiration was unexpected. In most cases the concentration continued to rise for at least 30 minutes after the end of exposure. Mechanisms for the observed rise of knee N-13 were considered. Nitrogen sinks in some knee structure or nearby structure could be physical, chemical, or physiological. The authors conclude that these unexpected results of a very marked delay in knee gas excretion 30 minutes into the pulmonary washout period suggests that a gas exchange model consistent with these data is needed to avoid decompression sickness.
Weathersby PK et al; Journal of Applied Physiology 61 (4): 1534-1545 (1986)
For local use only.
For local use only.
In cryotherapy, mechanism of action could be classified into three stages: 1. heat transfer, 2. cell injury and 3. inflammation. Boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196C, which is the responsible for creating the initial stage which is heat transfer. The second stage is cell injury which is induced during thawing conditions of the cells. The last step in the cryotherapy is the inflammation stage which is characterized by edema and erythema. Inflammation occurs as a result of cellular death and it helps in local cell destruction.
... Nitrogen also has a direct toxic action of its own, affecting brain functions and inducing a stupor or euphoria. Nitrogen narcosis ("rapture of the deep" or "the martini effect") results from a direct toxic effect of high nitrogen pressure on nerve conduction and produces effects similar to alcohol intoxication. Complex reasoning, decision-making ability, motor function, and manual dexerity decrease. Individuals vary in this response widely, but it typically can be noticed among divers at depths exceeding 100 ft (30 m). For example, certain individuals experience no effect at depths of < or = 130 ft, whereas others feel some effect at around 80 ft. Nonetheless, the narcotic effect increases with increasing depth so that each additional 50 ft incrementally produces the effect of "another martini".
Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. 635
A simple asphyxiant, nitrogen's main toxicty arises from its ability to displace O2 and generate an atmosphere that does not support the chemical reactions needed for maintenance of life. The displacement of O2 can be complete or incomplete, leading to varying degrees of hypoxia.
Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. 634
Nitrogen is an inert substance and does not exert a direct toxicological effect. Nitrogen acts by the physiological effect of simple asphyxia on the target species within a Controlled Atmosphere Treatment (CAT) bubble. The biocide action of nitrogen is due to its displacement of oxygen from an atmospheric oxygen level of 20.8% to levels < 0.2% v/v in the CAT bubble. The level of oxygen is the critical factor. Victims exposed to atmospheres deficient in oxygen, i.e. < 19%, will begin to display signs and symptoms of oxygen-deficient exposure of air due to an increase in nitrogen.
European Union Biocide Assessment Report: Nitrogen Product-type 18 (Insecticides) 2.2.1.1, (November, 2008). Available from, as of June 8, 2010: https://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/Biocides/ANNEX_I/ASSESSMENT_REPORTS/AnnexI_AR_7727-37-9_PT18_en.pdf
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