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1. Dibromide, Diquat
2. Diquat
1. 85-00-7
2. Aquacide
3. Reglon
4. Reglox
5. Deiquat
6. Preeglone
7. Reglone
8. Weedtrine-d
9. Diquat Dibromide [iso]
10. Ethylene Dipyridylium Dibromide
11. 6bdv3t272w
12. Detrone
13. 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c]pyrazine-5,8-diium Bromide
14. Ortho-diquat
15. Dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro-, Dibromide
16. Caswell No. 402
17. Reglon Dibromide (ussr)
18. Deiquat Dibromide (ussr)
19. Diquat Dibromide 100 Microg/ml In Water
20. Hsdb 1700
21. Nsc-116553
22. Einecs 201-579-4
23. Pp 100
24. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 032201
25. Nsc 116553
26. Unii-6bdv3t272w
27. 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-b:1',2'-e]pyrazine-5,8-diium;dibromide
28. 1,1'-ethylene 2,2'-dipyridylium Dibromide
29. 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridinium Dibromide
30. 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridylium Dibromide
31. 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium Dibromide
32. 9,10-dihydro-8a,10a-diazoniaphenanthrene Dibromide
33. 1,1'-aethylen-2,2'-bipyridinium-dibromid [german]
34. 6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinedium Dibromide
35. 1,1'-aethylen-2,2'-bipyridinium-dibromid
36. 9,10-dihydro-8a,10a-diazoniaphenanthrene(1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridylium)dibromide
37. Schembl52886
38. Diquat Dibromide [mi]
39. Diquat Dibromide [hsdb]
40. Chembl1599022
41. Dtxsid3024075
42. Diquat Dibromide [mart.]
43. Dipyrido(1,2-a;2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro-, Dibromide
44. Mfcd00078635
45. Akos015902672
46. Dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro-, Labeled With Carbon-14, Dibromide
47. Ncgc00163714-01
48. 34417-68-0
49. As-15492
50. Diquat Dibromide 100 Microg/ml In Methanol
51. Hy-122984
52. Cs-0090817
53. Ft-0729120
54. A917748
55. Q910903
56. 9,10-dihydro-8a,10a-diazophenanthrene Dibromide
57. 6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c]pyrazinediium Dibromide
58. 6,7-dihydro-dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1-c)pyrazinediium Dibromide
59. 7,10-diazoniatricyclo[8.4.0.02,7]tetradeca-1(14),2,4,6,10,12-hexaene;dibromide
60. Dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro-, Bromide (1:2)
| Molecular Weight | 344.04 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C12H12Br2N2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 343.93467 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 341.93672 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 7.8 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 16 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 183 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 3 |
Herbicides
Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE. (See all compounds classified as Herbicides.)
Defoliants, Chemical
Herbicides that remove leaves from trees and growing plants. They may be either organic or inorganic. Several of the more persistent types have been used in military operations and many are toxic. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed) (See all compounds classified as Defoliants, Chemical.)
... (14)C-DIQUAT ... POORLY ABSORBED AFTER ORAL ADMIN TO RATS, AS WOULD BE EXPECTED FOR /CATION/. A RAT DOSED WITH (14)C-DIQUAT HAD EXCRETED 90% OF THE (14)C IN FECES & 6% IN URINE AFTER 48 HR ...
The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 1: A Review of the Literature Published Between 1960 and 1969. London: The Chemical Society, 1970., p. 85
... DIQUAT, PARAQUAT ... WERE STUDIED IN BILE-DUCT-CANNULATED RATS, GUINEA-PIGS & RABBITS. ... EXCRETED UNCHANGED IN BILE & URINE, EXCEPT DIQUAT, WHERE 18% OF DOSE WAS METABOLIZED BY THE RABBIT. ALL THE CATIONS WERE POORLY EXCRETED IN THE BILE (LESS THAN 10%).
The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals Volume 3. London: The Chemical Society, 1975., p. 575
... Diquat was applied in doses of 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.75, & 1.0 ug/ml diquat cation. The concn of diquat initially followed an exponential decline; after day 3 the decline in concn in the 3 highest treatments was less precipitous. By day 5, diquat was below the min detectable level of 0.05 ug/ml in all treatments. Half-lives were as follows: 0.59, 0.79, & 0.88 days for treatments of 0.5, 0.75, & 1.0 ug/ml, respectively. Max concns of diquat in plant tissue rose to a peak on day 4 or 5, then gradually declined. Max mean tissue concns were 490 ug/g on day 5 (0.5 ug/ml treatment), 688 ug/g on day 5 (0.75 ug/ml treatment), & 869 ug/g on day 4 (1.0 ug/ml treatment). The lethal concn of diquat in hydrilla tissue was about 600 ug/g dry weight. Dissolved oxygen concns decreased until day 4 or 5, leveled off, & then rose after day 7. Expressed as a % of the control dissolved oxygen concn, treatment concns leveled off at about 80%, 40%, & 30% in the 0.2, 0.5, & 0.75-1.0 ug/ml treatments, respectively. Membrane permeability, expressed as incr in conductivity of deionized water over a 4 hr interval/gram (dry weight) of hydrilla tissue increased until day 4, plateaued until day 9, then declined. Chlorophyll A concns showed no statistically significant differences.
Cassidy K, Rodgers JH; Environ Toxicol Chem 8 (2): 133-40 (1989)
DIQUAT ... POORLY ABSORBED FROM THE GUT OF ANIMALS FOLLOWING ORAL ADMIN. ... DEMONSTRATED THAT ... LOWER QUANTITIES ... WERE ABSORBED FROM GUT OF COWS; ONLY 0.4-2.6% OF INGESTED DIQUAT & 0.26% OF ... PARAQUAT APPEARED IN THE URINE AND 0.015% OR LESS OF THE HERBICIDES (OR THEIR METABOLITES) APPEARED IN MILK.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 523
For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for DIQUAT DIBROMIDE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
... AFTER ORAL ADMIN ... TO RATS, 77% OF DOSE APPEARED IN FECES AS DIQUAT, & 12% AS METABOLIC PRODUCTS, ALMOST HALF OF WHICH WAS MONOPYRIDONE OF DIQUAT.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 524
METABOLIC BREAKDOWN DOES NOT OCCUR IN PLANTS.
Weed Science Society of America. Herbicide Handbook. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1979. of America, 1979., p. 186
DIQUAT UNDERWENT PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION ... AFTER APPLICATION TO PLANTS. USING (14)C-RING- OR -ETHYLENE BRIDGE-LABELED DIQUAT, ONE MAJOR METABOLITE & SEVERAL MINOR CMPD ... OBSERVED ... THAT THE MAJOR METABOLITE WAS RADIOACTIVE IN BOTH INSTANCES INDICATED AT LEAST ONE INTACT RING. ... CMPD WAS /SHOWN/ ... TO BE TETRAHYDRO-OXO-PYRIDO-PYRAZINE.
Menzie, C.M. Metabolism of Pesticides. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Publication 127. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1969., p. 179
Free radicals were shown to be produced from paraquat and diquat incubated in the presence of reduced NADP and liver microsomes.
Doull, J., C.D. Klaassen, and M. D. Amdur (eds.). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1980., p. V4 391-392
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for DIQUAT DIBROMIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
... Diquat was applied in doses of 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.75, & 1.0 ug/ml diquat cation. ... Half-lives were as follows: 0.59, 0.79, & 0.88 days for treatments of 0.5, 0.75, & 1.0 ug/ml, respectively. ... /Diquat/
Cassidy K, Rodgers JH; Environ Toxicol Chem 8 (2): 133-40 (1989)
...After intravascular admin of 1 mg/kg, toxicokinetic analysis of the plasma concn-time profile of diquat using a two-compartment model provided... /an/ elimination half life (t1/2) = 35.8: 8.9 hr.
Schultz IR et al; Aquatic Toxicology 33 (3-4): 297-310 (1995)
Diquat was not significantly more potent than paraquat. Both produced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis. /Diquat/
PMID:7245208 Carmines EL et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 58 (3): 353-62 (1981)
Diquat ruptured mitochondria of type A of type II alveolar cells, which became necrotic. /Diquat/
HIRA K, TAKAMATSU H; KANKYO KAGAKU SOGO KENKYUSHO NENPO 6: 9-18 (1979)
...Diquat, a potent redox cycler that generates reactive oxygen species, has been used to study oxidative stress ... . Diquat reduces cell growth in /human/ neuroblastoma /SH-SY5Y/ cells and induces an adaptive antioxidant response, which are concn dependent and occur at sublethal concns. At higher concns, diquat alters mitochondrial function and becomes increasingly toxic.
Slaughter MR, Thakkar H et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 178(2): p.63-70 (2002)
...The age-associated enhancement of diquat toxicity /in Fischer 344 rats/ could be due to an increased availability of iron for reaction with diquat-generated hydrogen peroxide and for stimulation of lipid and protein oxidation.
PMID:8382845 Rikans LE et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 118 (2): 263-70 (1993)
For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for DIQUAT DIBROMIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
ANALYTICAL
Analytical Methods
ABOUT THIS PAGE
59
PharmaCompass offers a list of Diquat Dibromide API manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by GMP, USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, Price,and more, enabling you to easily find the right Diquat Dibromide manufacturer or Diquat Dibromide supplier for your needs.
Send us enquiries for free, and we will assist you in establishing a direct connection with your preferred Diquat Dibromide manufacturer or Diquat Dibromide supplier.
PharmaCompass also assists you with knowing the Diquat Dibromide API Price utilized in the formulation of products. Diquat Dibromide API Price is not always fixed or binding as the Diquat Dibromide Price is obtained through a variety of data sources. The Diquat Dibromide Price can also vary due to multiple factors, including market conditions, regulatory modifications, or negotiated pricing deals.
A Diquat Dibromide manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Diquat Dibromide, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Diquat Dibromide manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Diquat Dibromide API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.
A Diquat Dibromide supplier is an individual or a company that provides Diquat Dibromide active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Diquat Dibromide finished formulations upon request. The Diquat Dibromide suppliers may include Diquat Dibromide API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.
Diquat Dibromide Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.
GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).
PharmaCompass offers a list of Diquat Dibromide GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Diquat Dibromide GMP manufacturer or Diquat Dibromide GMP API supplier for your needs.
A Diquat Dibromide CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Diquat Dibromide's compliance with Diquat Dibromide specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.
Diquat Dibromide CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Diquat Dibromide CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.
Diquat Dibromide may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Diquat Dibromide EP), Diquat Dibromide JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Diquat Dibromide USP).
