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Chemistry

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Also known as: Diethylene glycol, 111-46-6, 2,2'-oxydiethanol, Diglycol, 2,2'-oxybisethanol, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol
Molecular Formula
C4H10O3
Molecular Weight
106.12  g/mol
InChI Key
MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
61BR964293

Diethylene Glycol
1 2D Structure

Diethylene Glycol

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H2
2.1.3 InChI Key
MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
C(COCCO)O
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
61BR964293
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Diethylene Glycol

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Diethylene Glycol

2. 111-46-6

3. 2,2'-oxydiethanol

4. Diglycol

5. 2,2'-oxybisethanol

6. 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol

7. Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) Ether

8. Diethylenglykol

9. Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-

10. 2-hydroxyethyl Ether

11. Digol

12. Glycol Ether

13. Digenos

14. Dicol

15. Brecolane Ndg

16. Deactivator E

17. Dissolvant Apv

18. Ethylene Diglycol

19. 2,2'-oxyethanol

20. Diethyleneglycol

21. 1,5-dihydroxy-3-oxapentane

22. Tl4n

23. 3-oxapentane-1,5-diol

24. Dihydroxydiethyl Ether

25. 2,2'-0xydiethanol

26. Bis(beta-hydroxyethyl) Ether

27. 2,2'-dihydroxydiethyl Ether

28. 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol

29. Ethanol, 2,2'-oxydi-

30. Beta,beta'-dihydroxydiethyl Ether

31. 2,2'-dihydroxyethyl Ether

32. 2,2'-oxybis(ethan-1-ol)

33. 3-oxapentamethylene-1,5-diol

34. Deg

35. Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether

36. Deactivator H

37. 3-oxa-1,5-pentanediol

38. Diethylene-glycol

39. Mfcd00002882

40. Nsc 36391

41. Carbowax 6000

42. 2,2'-oxybis[ethanol]

43. Diethylene Glycol (deg)

44. 2,2-di(hydroxyethyl) Ether

45. Bis(.beta.-hydroxyethyl) Ether

46. Dtxsid8020462

47. Chebi:46807

48. Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, Homopolymer

49. Nsc-36391

50. .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxydiethyl Ether

51. Dsstox_cid_462

52. 61br964293

53. Dsstox_rid_75605

54. Dsstox_gsid_20462

55. 105400-04-2

56. 149626-00-6

57. 31290-76-3

58. Caswell No. 338a

59. Diethylenglykol [czech]

60. 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane, 7,16-bis(1-oxodecyl)-

61. Cas-111-46-6

62. Chromate(2-), 2-5-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo-2-(hydroxy-.kappa.o)phenylmethyleneamino-.kappa.nbenzoato(

63. Hsdb 69

64. Ccris 2193

65. Einecs 203-872-2

66. Oh-peg2-oh

67. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 338200

68. Brn 0969209

69. Diehyleneglycol

70. Diethyene Glycol

71. Ai3-08416

72. Lanogene C

73. Di-ethylene Glycol

74. Peg2000

75. Diethyl Ene Glycol

76. Unii-61br964293

77. 2-hydroxyethylether

78. 1ka

79. Ethanol,2'-oxydi-

80. Carbowax 4000

81. Ethanol,2'-oxybis-

82. Ethylene Oxide Polymer

83. Macrogol [ban:jan]

84. Glycol Hydroxyethyl Ether

85. 2, 2-oxybis[ethanol]

86. Diethylene Glycol, 99%

87. Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)ether

88. Ec 203-872-2

89. Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)

90. Schembl1462

91. Ho(ch2ch2o)2h

92. Wln: Q2o2q

93. 4-01-00-02390 (beilstein Handbook Reference)

94. Mls001055330

95. Bidd:er0301

96. Diethylene Glycol Ether

97. Glycol, Polyethylene (200)

98. Glycol, Polyethylene (400)

99. Glycol, Polyethylene (600)

100. Diethylene Glycol [mi]

101. 2-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethanol

102. Diethylene Glycol Reagent Grade

103. Chembl1235226

104. Diethylene Glycol [hsdb]

105. Diethylene Glycol [inci]

106. Ho(ch2)2o(ch2)2oh

107. 2-(2-hydroxyethoxyl)ethan-1-ol

108. Peg4000

109. Peg6000

110. Diethylene Glycol, Lr, >=99%

111. Hms2270g18

112. 2,2-oxydi(ethan-1-ol)

113. Diethylene Glycol [usp-rs]

114. Nsc32855

115. Nsc32856

116. Nsc35744

117. Nsc35745

118. Nsc35746

119. Nsc36391

120. Peg35000

121. Zinc1668756

122. Tox21_201616

123. Tox21_300064

124. .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxyethyl Ether

125. Nsc-32855

126. Nsc-32856

127. Nsc-35744

128. Nsc-35745

129. Nsc-35746

130. Stl280303

131. Diethylene Glycol, Analytical Standard

132. Akos000120101

133. Fs-3891

134. Peg 10,000

135. Peg 20,000

136. Ncgc00090703-01

137. Ncgc00090703-02

138. Ncgc00090703-03

139. Ncgc00253996-01

140. Ncgc00259165-01

141. 2,2'-oxydiethanol, 2-hydroxyethyl Ether

142. Bp-20527

143. Bp-22990

144. Bp-23304

145. Bp-25804

146. Bp-25805

147. Bp-31029

148. Bp-31030

149. Diethylene Glycol, Reagentplus(r), 99%

150. Glycerol Impurity A [ep Impurity]

151. Smr000112132

152. Db-092325

153. Diethyleneglycol 100 Microg/ml In Methanol

154. Cs-0014055

155. D0495

156. Ft-0624892

157. Diethylene Glycol, Bioultra, >=99.0% (gc)

158. Diethylene Glycol, Saj First Grade, >=98.0%

159. E83357

160. A802367

161. Diethylene Glycol, Vetec(tm) Reagent Grade, 98%

162. Q421902

163. J-002580

164. F1908-0125

165. 9bae4479-a6dd-4206-83c1-ab625ab87665

166. Diethylene Glycol, Puriss. P.a., >=99.0% (gc), Colorless

167. (cys(acm)2 Inverted Exclamation Mark Currency7)-a-cgrp (human)

168. Diethylene Glycol, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

169. Propylene Glycol Related Compound Diethylene Glycol [usp Impurity]

170. 162662-01-3

171. 9002-90-8

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 106.12 g/mol
Molecular Formula C4H10O3
XLogP3-1.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count3
Rotatable Bond Count4
Exact Mass106.062994177 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass106.062994177 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area49.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count7
Formal Charge0
Complexity26.1
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Minimum/Potential Fatal Human Dose

The lethal dose for human beings ranged from 0.014 to 0.170 mg diethylene glycol/kg bw.

PMID:15979833 Ferrari LA, Giannuzzi L; Forensic Sci Int 153 (1): 45-51 (2005). Comment in: Forensic Sci Int 155 (2-3): 233 (2005).


Single oral /lethal/ dose for humans is approximately 1 mL/kg.

Amdur, M.O., J. Doull, C.D. Klaasen (eds). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: Pergamon Press, 1991., p. 704


Probable oral lethal dose (human) 0.5-5 g/kg; between 1 oz and 1 pint (or 1 lb) for 70 kg (150 lb) person.

Gosselin, R.E., H.C. Hodge, R.P. Smith, and M.N. Gleason. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1976., p. II-119


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Half-logarithmic plots of urinary 14C excretion rates versus time indicated zero-order elimination for the first 9 and 18 hr after oral doses of 5 and 10 mL of 14C-DEG/kg, respectively. 14C-DEG urinary elimination kinetics changed into first-order 6, 9, and 18 hr after oral doses of 1, 5, and 10 mL/kg, with a half-life of 3 hr. 2. ... The urinary concentrations of non-metabolized DEG and its metabolite, 2-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid (2-HEAA), determined by high-resolution nmr spectroscopy in the urine of rats doses with DEG were 61-68% and 16-31% dose, respectively. ... Oxidation of DEG ... in rats was accompanied by a change of urinary pH, reflecting metabolic acidosis.

PMID:2815837 Lenk W et al; Xenobiotica 19 (9): 961-79 (1989).


Oral doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg (14)C-diethylene glycol (DEG) given to rats were rapidly and almost completely absorbed, the invasion constants being 2.95/ hr and 4.24/ hr ... (14)C-DEG was rapidly distributed from the blood into the organs and tissues in the order kidneys > brain > spleen > liver > muscle > fat, i.e. the same order as the blood flow. The relative volume of distribution, app. VD, was determined at 298 mL, indicating distribution over the whole body. After oral doses of 1, 5, and 10 mL (14)C-DEG/kg 64, 87, and 91% of (14)C activity in rat blood disappeared in 12-16 hr with a half-life of 3.4 hr and the remaining 9, 5, and 4% with half-lives of 39 hr, 45 hr, and 49 hr. A total of 73-96% of (14)C activity in blood was excreted with the urine and 0.7-2.2% with the feces. From the cumulative urinary excretion kinetics half-lives of 6 hr were determined for doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg and 10 hr for the dose of 10 mL/kg. After doses of 5 mL/kg and 10 mL/kg (14)C-DEG semi-logarithmic plots of elimination rate versus time were constant for 5 and 9 hr, respectively, indicating that DEG accelerated its renal elimination by inducing osmotic diuresis. Thereafter urinary excretion followed first order kinetics with elimination half-lives of 3.6 hr. After oral doses of 5 ml/kg (14)C-DEG given to rats of 336 g body weight with an app. VD of 297 mL, the total clearance of (14)C activity was determined at 63 mL/hr, and the renal clearance of unmetabolized DEG was 66 mL/hr. The ratio of ClDEG to Cl (inulin) = 0.64 indicated that DEG and its metabolite 2-hydroxyethoxyacetate (2-HEAA) were reabsorbed from the tubuli into the blood capillaries.

PMID:8135655 Heilmair R et al; Arch Toxicol 67 (10): 655-66 (1993).


In metabolism studies with the dog ... a large portion of the diethylene glycol administered was excreted in the urine unchanged.

Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. V7:16


... Diethylene glycol may be absorbed through the skin especially upon essentially continuous contact ... .

Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982., p. 3836


Like /ethylene glycol/, diethylene glycol is well absorbed in the GI tract, distributed throughout total body water and organs on the basis of blood flow ...

Klaassen, C.D. (ed). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2008., p. 1019


5.2 Metabolism/Metabolites

Diethylene glycol is metabolized in the liver by two consecutive oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent reactions. First, diethylene glycol is metabolized by ADH to (2-hydroxyethoxy)acetaldehyde, which is then rapidly metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase to (2-hydroxyethoxy)acetate.

Dart, R.C. (ed). Medical Toxicology. Third Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2004., p. 1232


... /Diethylene glycol (DEG) is/ initially metabolized by /alcohol dehydrogenase/ and subsequently by /aldehyde dehydrogenase/. The ether linkage of DEG is not cleaved and no appreciable amounts of EG or EG metabolites are formed from DEG, although small amounts of /oxalic acid/ have occasionally been reported ...

Klaassen, C.D. (ed). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2008., p. 1019


... Based on studies in rats and dogs, unchanged diethylene glycol recovered in urine constitutes the majority of oral doses, with a single urinary metabolite, (2-hydroxyethoxy) acetic acid, accounting for most of the remainder .

Klaassen, C.D. (ed). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2008., p. 1019


Although the metabolism of diethylene glycol is not known, the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys and urine of treated rats suggests that the metabolic pathway follows that of monoethylene glycerol, ie, to glycoaldehyde, which is further metabolized glycolate and then to oxalate, carbon dioxide, glycerine and serine.

European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, 2,2'-Oxidiethanol (111-46-6) (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from the database query page, as of June 16, 2009: https://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/


5.3 Biological Half-Life

14C-Diethylene glycol (DEG), administered orally to rats at 1, 5, and 10 ml/kg, gave elimination half-lives of 6, 6, and 10 hr, respectively, from urinary excretion data.

PMID:2815837 Lenk W et al; Xenobiotica 19 (9): 961-79 (1989).


Oral doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg 14C-diethylene glycol (DEG) /were/ given to rats. ... Half-lives of 6 hr were determined for doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg and 10 hr for the dose of 10 mL/kg.

PMID:8135655 Heilmair R et al; Arch Toxicol 67 (10): 655-66 (1993).


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Looking for 111-46-6 / Diethylene Glycol API manufacturers, exporters & distributors?

Diethylene Glycol manufacturers, exporters & distributors 1

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PharmaCompass offers a list of Diethylene Glycol API manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by GMP, USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, Price,and more, enabling you to easily find the right Diethylene Glycol manufacturer or Diethylene Glycol supplier for your needs.

Send us enquiries for free, and we will assist you in establishing a direct connection with your preferred Diethylene Glycol manufacturer or Diethylene Glycol supplier.

PharmaCompass also assists you with knowing the Diethylene Glycol API Price utilized in the formulation of products. Diethylene Glycol API Price is not always fixed or binding as the Diethylene Glycol Price is obtained through a variety of data sources. The Diethylene Glycol Price can also vary due to multiple factors, including market conditions, regulatory modifications, or negotiated pricing deals.

API | Excipient name

Diethylene Glycol

Synonyms

111-46-6, 2,2'-oxydiethanol, Diglycol, 2,2'-oxybisethanol, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether

Cas Number

111-46-6

Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

61BR964293

Diethylene Glycol Manufacturers

A Diethylene Glycol manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Diethylene Glycol, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Diethylene Glycol manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Diethylene Glycol API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.

click here to find a list of Diethylene Glycol manufacturers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PhamaCompass.

Diethylene Glycol Suppliers

A Diethylene Glycol supplier is an individual or a company that provides Diethylene Glycol active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Diethylene Glycol finished formulations upon request. The Diethylene Glycol suppliers may include Diethylene Glycol API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.

click here to find a list of Diethylene Glycol suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.

Diethylene Glycol GMP

Diethylene Glycol Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.

GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).

PharmaCompass offers a list of Diethylene Glycol GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Diethylene Glycol GMP manufacturer or Diethylene Glycol GMP API supplier for your needs.

Diethylene Glycol CoA

A Diethylene Glycol CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Diethylene Glycol's compliance with Diethylene Glycol specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.

Diethylene Glycol CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Diethylene Glycol CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.

Diethylene Glycol may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Diethylene Glycol EP), Diethylene Glycol JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Diethylene Glycol USP).

Inform the supplier about your product requirements, specifying if you need a product with particular monograph like EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or any other quality. In addition, clarify whether you need hydrochloride (HCl), anhydricum, base, micronisatum or a specific level of purity. To find reputable suppliers, utilize the filters and select those certified by GMP, FDA, or any other certification as per your requirement.
For your convenience, we have listed synonyms and CAS numbers to help you find the best supplier. The use of synonyms and CAS numbers can be helpful in identifying potential suppliers, but it is crucial to note that they might not always indicate the exact same product. It is important to confirm the product details with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your requirements.
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