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Coenzyme Q10
Also known as: Ubidecarenone, 303-98-0, Ubiquinone-10, Coq10, Ubiquinone 50, Neuquinon
Molecular Formula
C59H90O4
Molecular Weight
863.3  g/mol
InChI Key
ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UPTCCGCDSA-N
FDA UNII
EJ27X76M46

Coenzyme Q10 is a naturally occurring benzoquinone important in electron transport in mitochondrial membranes. Coenzyme Q10 functions as an endogenous antioxidant; deficiencies of this enzyme have been observed in patients with many different types of cancer and limited studies have suggested that coenzyme Q10 may induce tumor regression in patients with breast cancer. This agent may have immunostimulatory effects. (NCI04)
1 2D Structure

Coenzyme Q10

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
2-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaenyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C59H90O4/c1-44(2)24-15-25-45(3)26-16-27-46(4)28-17-29-47(5)30-18-31-48(6)32-19-33-49(7)34-20-35-50(8)36-21-37-51(9)38-22-39-52(10)40-23-41-53(11)42-43-55-54(12)56(60)58(62-13)59(63-14)57(55)61/h24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42H,15-23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43H2,1-14H3/b45-26+,46-28+,47-30+,48-32+,49-34+,50-36+,51-38+,52-40+,53-42+
2.1.3 InChI Key
ACTIUHUUMQJHFO-UPTCCGCDSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CC1=C(C(=O)C(=C(C1=O)OC)OC)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
CC1=C(C(=O)C(=C(C1=O)OC)OC)C/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CCC=C(C)C
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
EJ27X76M46
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenylbenzoquinone

2. Bio-quinone Q10

3. Co-enzyme Q10

4. Coenzyme Q10, (z,z,z,z,z,z,e,e,e)-isomer

5. Coenzyme Q10, Ion (1-), (all-e)-isomer

6. Coq 10

7. Coq10

8. Q-ter

9. Ubidecarenone

10. Ubiquinone 10

11. Ubiquinone 50

12. Ubiquinone Q10

13. Ubisemiquinone

14. Ubisemiquinone Radical

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Ubidecarenone

2. 303-98-0

3. Ubiquinone-10

4. Coq10

5. Ubiquinone 50

6. Neuquinon

7. Ubiquinone Q10

8. Ubiquinone

9. Justquinon

10. Neuquinone

11. Emitolon

12. Heartcin

13. Inokiten

14. Terekol

15. Udekinon

16. Coenzyme Q-10

17. Vitamin Q

18. Coenzyme Q

19. Coenzyme-q10

20. Bio-quinone Q10

21. Unispheres Q 10

22. Co-enzyme Q10

23. Coenzyme Q 10

24. Puresorb Q 40

25. Aqua Q10

26. Adelir

27. Nsc 140865

28. Oristar Ubq

29. Q 199

30. Api-31510

31. Ube-q

32. Coenzyme Q-199

33. Bpm-31510

34. Nsc-140865

35. Bpm31510

36. Q 10aa

37. 2-((2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

38. Chebi:46245

39. Ej27x76m46

40. Ubidecarenone For System Suitability

41. Api 31510

42. Nsc-140665

43. 2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaenyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

44. Ncgc00159429-02

45. Luvacor

46. Dsstox_cid_26054

47. Dsstox_rid_81308

48. Dsstox_gsid_46054

49. (all-e)-2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

50. 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-((2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl

51. 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-, (all-e)-

52. 2-((all-e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinone

53. 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinone

54. P-benzoquinone, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-

55. Coq 10

56. Bio-quinon

57. Ubidecarenona

58. Ubidecarenonum

59. Ubidecarenonum [latin]

60. Coenzyme Q(sub 10)

61. Ubidecarenona [spanish]

62. Coq(sub 10)

63. Ubiquinone Q(sub 10)

64. Cas-303-98-0

65. Ccris 9016

66. Co-enzyme Q-10

67. Einecs 206-147-9

68. Co Q10

69. Unbiquinone

70. Armolipid

71. Kudesan

72. Mitocor

73. Akvion

74. Unii-ej27x76m46

75. Nsc140865

76. Liquid-q

77. Ubiquinone-q10

78. Ubidecarenone [inn:ban:jan:nf]

79. Ubiquinone(10)

80. Ncgc00095322-03

81. Kanekaq10

82. 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-((2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-

83. 2-((2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

84. 2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

85. All-trans-ubiquinone

86. Li-q-sorb

87. Q-gel

88. Adelir (tn)

89. Coenzymeq10,(s)

90. Kaneka Q10

91. Mfcd00042919

92. Bp31510

93. Co Enzyme Q-10

94. Ubiquinone [inci]

95. Coq10; Ubiquinone-10

96. Coenzyme Q10(coq10)

97. Aqua Q 10l10

98. Ubidecarenone [dsc]

99. Ubidecarenone [inn]

100. Ubidecarenone [jan]

101. Ubidecarenone (jp17/inn)

102. Q-gel 100

103. Schembl19858

104. Mls000028745

105. Ubidecarenone [mart.]

106. Ubiquinone 50 [mi]

107. Voriconazole Impurity C

108. Coenzyme Q10 [vandf]

109. Ubidecarenone [usp-rs]

110. Ubidecarenone [who-dd]

111. Chembl454801

112. (non-labelled)coenzyme Q10-d5

113. Dtxsid6046054

114. Schembl11901691

115. Ex-a973

116. Coenzyme Q10, Analytical Standard

117. Hy-n0111

118. Tox21_111660

119. Tox21_113394

120. Ubidecarenone [ep Monograph]

121. Lmpr02010001

122. S2398

123. Zinc85427689

124. Coenzyme Q10, >=98% (hplc)

125. Akos015897104

126. Akos015951232

127. Ac-4352

128. Db09270

129. 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-tetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-[1,4]benzoquinone

130. 2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaen-1-yl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

131. As-13341

132. Ls-15517

133. Q 10

134. Q-10

135. Smr000058651

136. C1971

137. Cs-0007796

138. N1796

139. C-7060

140. D01065

141. 303c980

142. A936217

143. Q321285

144. Ubidecarenone For System Suitability [usp-rs]

145. Ubidecarenone, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard

146. Ubidecarenone, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

147. 2-deca(3-methylbut-2-enylene)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinone

148. Coenzyme Q10 Solution, 1 Mg/ml In Ethanol, Certified Reference Material, Ampule Of 1 Ml

149. Ubidecarenone For System Suitability, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard

150. Ubidecarenone For System Suitability, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

151. (all-e)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31-octamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30-dotriacontaoctaenyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

152. 2,4-dione, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-

153. 2,4-dione, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-, (all-e)-

154. 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-((2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaen-1-yl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-

155. 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-, (all Trans)-

156. 2-((all-e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

157. 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-p-benzoquinone, (all Trans)-

158. 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

159. 2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl- 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

160. 2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26e,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylbenzo-1,4-quinone #

161. P-benzoquinone,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 863.3 g/mol
Molecular Formula C59H90O4
XLogP319.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count4
Rotatable Bond Count31
Exact Mass862.68391135 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass862.68391135 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area52.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count63
Formal Charge0
Complexity1840
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count9
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Indication

The diet supplements containing ubidecarenone are indicated, as stated in the product label, to assist individuals with cardiovascular complaints including congestive heart failure and systolic hypertension. In the product, ubidecarenone is used to increase the cardiac input as well as for the prevention of several other diseases like Parkinson, fibromyalgia, migraine, periodontal disease and diabetes, based on preclinical studies. It is important to highlight that these products are not FDA approved and it is recommended to use under discretion.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Ubidecarenon has roles in many prysiological process including sulfide oxidation, regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and translocation of protons and calcium ions accross biological membranes. Studies have shown its benefitial effect in treating cancer, statin myopathy, congestive heart failure and hypertension.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Vitamins

Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body. (See all compounds classified as Vitamins.)


5.3 ATC Code

C - Cardiovascular system

C01 - Cardiac therapy

C01E - Other cardiac preparations

C01EB - Other cardiac preparations

C01EB09 - Ubidecarenone


5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Ubidecarenone is absorbed from the small intestine into the lymphatics and then it can enter the blood. The hydrophobicity and large molecular weight limit its absorption making it very poor and variable depending on the food intake and the number of lipids presented in the food. The absorption is lower in the presence of an empty stomach and greater in presence of high lipid food diet. The daily dosage of ubidecarenone presents the reach of maximal serum concentration by reaching a plateau after three weeks. The pharmacokinetic properties may vary between different brands but studies have reported an AUC of 11.51 mcg h/ml and a Cmax of 0.32 mcg/ml at a time of 7.9 h.


Route of Elimination

The main elimination route of ubidecarenone is through the bile. After its oral administration, over 60% of the dose is excreted in the feces in the form of unchanged ubidecarenone and a small fraction of the metabolites. In the urine, ubidecarenone is bound to saposin B protein and represents only 8.3% of the total administered dose.


Volume of Distribution

Ubidecarenone is distributed to the various tissues of the body and it is able to enter the brain. In preclinical studies with intravenous administration of ubidecarenone, it is reported a volume of distribution of 20.4 L/kg which reflects its ability to penetrate extensively into organs and tissues. AS a general rule, tissues with high-energy requirements or metabolic activity tend to presents higher amounts of ubidecarenone, these organs can be heart, kidney, liver and muscle.


Clearance

In preclinical studies with intravenous administration of ubidecarenone, it is reported a total clearance of 1.18 ml h/kg which was indicative of a prolonged elimination.


5.5 Metabolism/Metabolites

Studies indicate that there is no saturation process during the metabolism of ubidecarenone. It is metabolized in all tissues by the phosphorylation in the cells and transportation to the kidneys for further excretion by the urine. After exerting its action, ubidecarenone is reduced and forms hydroquinone which is capable of recycling and regenerates other antioxidants such as tocopherol and ascorbate. The later metabolism of hydroquinone generates the formation of Q acid I and Q acid II in free and conjugated forms.


5.6 Biological Half-Life

The pharmacokinetic properties may vary between different brands but studies have reported a half-life of ubidecarenone of 21.7 h.


5.7 Mechanism of Action

Ubidecarenone is an essential cofactor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its functions are the acceptance of electrons from the complex I and II and this activity is vital for the production of ATP. It acts as a mobile redox agent shuttling electrons and protons in the electron transport chain. Ubidecarenone also presents antioxidant activity in mitochondria and cellular membranes, protecting against peroxidation of lipid membranes as well as inhibiting oxidation of LDL-cholesterol.


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