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(alphaR,betaS)-alpha-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol
Also known as: 137234-62-9, Vfend, (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, Uk-109496, (+/-)-voriconazole, Voriconazole vfend
Molecular Formula
C16H14F3N5O
Molecular Weight
349.31  g/mol
InChI Key
BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N
FDA UNII
USG4B1CD29

A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.
Voriconazole is an Azole Antifungal. The mechanism of action of voriconazole is as a Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inhibitor.
1 2D Structure

(alphaR,betaS)-alpha-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C16H14F3N5O/c1-10(15-14(19)5-20-7-22-15)16(25,6-24-9-21-8-23-24)12-3-2-11(17)4-13(12)18/h2-5,7-10,25H,6H2,1H3/t10-,16+/m0/s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CC(C1=NC=NC=C1F)C(CN2C=NC=N2)(C3=C(C=C(C=C3)F)F)O
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
C[C@@H](C1=NC=NC=C1F)[C@](CN2C=NC=N2)(C3=C(C=C(C=C3)F)F)O
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
USG4B1CD29
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Uk 109,496

2. Uk 109496

3. Uk-109,496

4. Uk-109496

5. Uk109,496

6. Uk109496

7. Vfend

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 137234-62-9

2. Vfend

3. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol

4. Uk-109496

5. (+/-)-voriconazole

6. Voriconazole Vfend

7. Uk-109,496

8. Uk 109496

9. Voriconzole

10. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol

11. Vcz

12. Voriconazole, (+/-)-

13. Chembl638

14. Nsc-759888

15. Jfu09i87tr

16. Usg4b1cd29

17. Cpd000466350

18. (r-(r*,s*))-alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol

19. 4-pyrimidineethanol, Alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (alphar,betas)-

20. Chebi:10023

21. 173967-54-9

22. Vrc

23. Voriconazol

24. Dsstox_cid_26485

25. Dsstox_rid_81656

26. Dsstox_gsid_46485

27. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-((1h)-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-butan-2-ol

28. (alphar,betas)-alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol

29. 4-pyrimidineethanol, Alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (r-(r*,s*))-

30. Voriconazole Related Compound A

31. 188416-29-7

32. Voriconazolum

33. Vorikonazole

34. Voriconazole [usan:inn:ban]

35. Drg-0301

36. Smr000466350

37. Cas-137234-62-9

38. Vfend (tn)

39. Vfend I.v.

40. Unii-jfu09i87tr

41. Pfizer

42. Ncgc00164622-01

43. Voriconazole Solution

44. Voriconazole- Bio-x

45. Voriconazole - Vfend

46. (alphar,betas)-alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol

47. Voriconazole In Combination With Mgcd290

48. Voriconazole [mi]

49. Voriconazole [inn]

50. Voriconazole [jan]

51. Unii-usg4b1cd29

52. Voriconazole [usan]

53. Voriconazole [vandf]

54. Schembl36233

55. Voriconazole [mart.]

56. Mls000759464

57. Mls001424082

58. Mls006010028

59. Voriconazole [usp-rs]

60. Voriconazole [who-dd]

61. Voriconazole [ema Epar]

62. Dtxsid5046485

63. Voriconazole (jp17/usp/inn)

64. Zinc14864

65. Amy8903

66. Voriconazole, >=98% (hplc)

67. Bcpp000019

68. Dtxsid201019420

69. Hms2051n09

70. Hms3260m22

71. Hms3713f12

72. Pharmakon1600-01502346

73. Voriconazole [orange Book]

74. Voriconazole [ep Monograph]

75. Tox21_112241

76. Tox21_500150

77. Voriconazole [usp Monograph]

78. Voriconazole 2.0 Mg/ml In Methanol

79. Ac-823

80. Bdbm50333117

81. Nsc759888

82. S1442

83. Akos005145705

84. Tox21_112241_1

85. Ccg-100941

86. Cs-1227

87. Db00582

88. Hy-w337569

89. Ks-1157

90. Nc00191

91. Nsc 759888

92. Ncgc00164622-02

93. Ncgc00164622-04

94. Ncgc00164622-06

95. Ncgc00260835-01

96. Bv164532

97. Hy-76200

98. ( Inverted Exclamation Marka)-voriconazole

99. Voriconazole Related Compound A Rs [usp]

100. Cs-0448910

101. Sw197571-2

102. V0116

103. C07622

104. D00578

105. Ab00639948-04

106. Ab00639948-06

107. Ab00639948_07

108. Ab00639948_08

109. Voriconazole Related Compound A [usp-rs]

110. Voriconazole, Vetranal(tm), Analytical Standard

111. 234v629

112. A807215

113. Q412236

114. J-006986

115. Voriconazole Related Compound A [usp Impurity]

116. Z2616414875

117. Voriconazole, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard

118. Voriconazole, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

119. (2r,3s)-2,3-bis(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol

120. 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) Butan-2-ol

121. 4-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methylene]-1-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-one

122. Voriconazole, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard: Certified Reference Material

123. (.alpha.r,.beta.s)-a-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-.beta.-methyl-.alpha.-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-pyrimidineethanol

124. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-pyrimidin-4-yl)-1-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl-butan-2-ol

125. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) Butan-2-ol

126. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanol

127. (2r,3s)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol

128. 2r,3s-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol-4-pyrimidineethanol, ?-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-?-methyl-?-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-,?(?r,?s)-

129. 4-pyrimidineethanol, .alpha.-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-.beta.-methyl-.alpha.-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (.alpha.r,.beta.s)-rel-

130. 4-pyrimidineethanol, A-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-.beta.-methyl-.alpha.-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (.alpha.r,.beta.s)-

131. 4-pyrimidineethanol, Alpha-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-5-fluoro-beta-methyl-alpha-(1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, (alphar,betas)-rel-

2.4 Create Date
2005-06-24
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 349.31 g/mol
Molecular Formula C16H14F3N5O
XLogP31.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count8
Rotatable Bond Count5
Exact Mass349.11504457 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass349.11504457 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area76.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count25
Formal Charge0
Complexity448
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Information
1 of 4  
Drug NameVfend
PubMed HealthVoriconazole (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntifungal
Drug LabelVFEND (voriconazole), a triazole antifungal agent, is available as a lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion, film-coated tablets for oral administration, and as a powder for oral suspension. The structural formula is:Voriconazole...
Active IngredientVoriconazole
Dosage FormTablet; Injectable; For suspension
Routeinjection; oral; Iv (infusion); Oral; iv (infusion)
Strength200mg/5ml; 200mg; 200mg/vial; 50mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyPfizer

2 of 4  
Drug NameVoriconazole
PubMed HealthVoriconazole
Drug ClassesAntifungal
Drug LabelVFEND (voriconazole), a triazole antifungal agent, is available as a lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion, film-coated tablets for oral administration, and as a powder for oral suspension. The structural formula is:Voriconazole...
Active IngredientVoriconazole
Dosage FormTablet; Injectable; For suspension
RouteIv (infusion); Oral
Strength200mg/5ml; 200mg; 200mg/vial; 50mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyMylan Pharms; Sandoz; Teva Pharms

3 of 4  
Drug NameVfend
PubMed HealthVoriconazole (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntifungal
Drug LabelVFEND (voriconazole), a triazole antifungal agent, is available as a lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion, film-coated tablets for oral administration, and as a powder for oral suspension. The structural formula is:Voriconazole...
Active IngredientVoriconazole
Dosage FormTablet; Injectable; For suspension
Routeinjection; oral; Iv (infusion); Oral; iv (infusion)
Strength200mg/5ml; 200mg; 200mg/vial; 50mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyPfizer

4 of 4  
Drug NameVoriconazole
PubMed HealthVoriconazole
Drug ClassesAntifungal
Drug LabelVFEND (voriconazole), a triazole antifungal agent, is available as a lyophilized powder for solution for intravenous infusion, film-coated tablets for oral administration, and as a powder for oral suspension. The structural formula is:Voriconazole...
Active IngredientVoriconazole
Dosage FormTablet; Injectable; For suspension
RouteIv (infusion); Oral
Strength200mg/5ml; 200mg; 200mg/vial; 50mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyMylan Pharms; Sandoz; Teva Pharms

4.2 Drug Indication

For the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, cadidemia, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp.


FDA Label


Voriconazole is a broad spectrum, triazole antifungal agent and is indicated in adults and children aged 2 years and above as follows:

- treatment of invasive aspergillosis;

- treatment of candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients;

- treatment of fluconazole-resistant serious invasive Candida infections (including C. krusei);

- treatment of serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium spp. and Fusarium spp.

Voriconazole should be administered primarily to patients with progressive, possibly life-threatening infections.

Prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in high risk allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)

recipients.


Voriconazole, is a broad spectrum, triazole antifungal agent and is indicated in adults and children aged 2 years and above as follows:

- treatment of invasive aspergillosis;

- treatment of in candidaemianon-neutropenic patients;

- treatment of fluconazole-resistant serious invasive Candida infections (including C. krusei);

- Treatment of serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium spp. and Fusarium spp.

Vfend should be administered primarily to patients with progressive, possibly life-threatening infections.

Prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in high risk allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients.


Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum, triazole antifungal agent and is indicated in adults and children aged two years and above as follows:

- treatment of invasive aspergillosis;

- treatment of candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients;

- treatment of fluconazole-resistant serious invasive Candida infections (including C. krusei);

- Treatment of serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium spp. and Fusarium spp.

Voriconazole Accord should be administered primarily to patients with progressive, possibly life-threatening infections.


Treatment of candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients, Treatment of fluconazole-resistant serious invasive Candida infections (including C. krusei), Treatment of invasive aspergillosis, Treatment of serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium spp. and Fusarium spp.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Voriconazole is a fungistatic triazole antifungal used to treat infections by inhibiting fungal growth. It is known to cause hepatotoxic and photosensitivity reactions in some patients.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors

Compounds that specifically inhibit STEROL 14-DEMETHYLASE. A variety of azole-derived ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS act through this mechanism. (See all compounds classified as 14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors.)


Antifungal Agents

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues. (See all compounds classified as Antifungal Agents.)


Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors

Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A. (See all compounds classified as Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors.)


5.3 FDA Pharmacological Classification
5.3.1 Active Moiety
VORICONAZOLE
5.3.2 FDA UNII
JFU09I87TR
5.3.3 Pharmacological Classes
Azoles [CS]; Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inhibitors [MoA]; Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inhibitors [MoA]; Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibitors [MoA]; Azole Antifungal [EPC]
5.4 ATC Code

J02AC03


J02AC03


J02AC03


J02AC03

S76 | LUXPHARMA | Pharmaceuticals Marketed in Luxembourg | Pharmaceuticals marketed in Luxembourg, as published by d'Gesondheetskeess (CNS, la caisse nationale de sante, www.cns.lu), mapped by name to structures using CompTox by R. Singh et al. (in prep.). List downloaded from https://cns.public.lu/en/legislations/textes-coordonnes/liste-med-comm.html. Dataset DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4587355


J - Antiinfectives for systemic use

J02 - Antimycotics for systemic use

J02A - Antimycotics for systemic use

J02AC - Triazole and tetrazole derivatives

J02AC03 - Voriconazole


5.5 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

The oral bioavailability is estimated to be 96% in healthy adults. Population pharmacokinetic studies report a reduced bioavailability pediatric patients with a mean of 61.8% (range 44.664.5%) thought to be due to differences in first-pass metabolism or due to differences in diet. Of note, transplant patients also have reduced bioavailability but this is known to increase with time after transplantation and may be due in part to gastrointestinal upset from surgery and some transplant medications. Tmax is 1-2 hours with oral administration. When administered with a high-fat meal Cmax decreases by 34% and AUC by 24%. pH does not have an effect on absorption of voriconazole. Differences in Cmax and AUC have been observed between healthy adult males and females with Cmax increasing by 83% and AUC by 113% although this has not been observed to significantly impact medication safety profiles.


Route of Elimination

Voriconazole is eliminated via hepatic metabolism with less than 2% of the dose excreted unchanged in the urine.


Volume of Distribution

The estimated volume of distribution of voriconazole is 4.6 L/kg. Population pharmacokinetic studies estimate the median volume of distribution to be 77.6 L with the central compartment estimated at 1.07 L/kg Voriconazole is known to achieve therapeutic concentrations in many tissues including the brain, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and heart.


Clearance

The clearance of voriconazole is estimated to be a mean of 5.25-7 L/h in healthy adults for the linear portion of the drug's kinetics.


5.6 Metabolism/Metabolites

Voriconazole undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism through cytochrome enzymes CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4. CYP2C19 mediates N-oxidation with an apparent Km of 14 M and an apparent Vmax of 0.22 nmol/min/nmol CYP2C19. Voriconazole N-oxide is the major circulating metabolite, accounting for 72% of radiolabeled metabolites found. CYP3A4 contributes to N-oxidation with a Km of 16 M and Vmax of 0.05 nmol/min/nmol CYP3A4 as well as 4-hydroxylation with a Km of 11 M and a Vmax of 0.10 nmol/min/nmol CYP3A4. CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 provide minor contributions to N-oxidation and 4-hydroxylation. The N-oxide and 4-hydroxylated metabolites undergo glucuronidation and are excreted through the urine with other minor glucuronidated metabolites.


Voriconazole has known human metabolites that include Hydroxymethyl Voriconazole and Voriconazole N-Oxide.

S73 | METXBIODB | Metabolite Reaction Database from BioTransformer | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4056560


5.7 Biological Half-Life

Voriconazole follows non-linear kinetics and has a terminal half-life of elimination which is dose-dependent.


5.8 Mechanism of Action

Voriconazole is used to treat fungal infections caused by a variety of organisms but including _Aspergillus spp._ and _Candida spp_. Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal exhibiting fungistatic activity against fungal pathogens. Like other triazoles, voriconazole binds to 14-alpha sterol demethylase, also known as CYP51, and inhibits the demethylation of lanosterol as part of the ergosterol synthesis pathway in yeast and other fungi. The lack of sufficient ergosterol disrupts fungal cell membrane function and limits fungal cell growth. With fungal growth limited, the host's immune system is able to clear the invading organism.


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